Korean J Fam Med > Volume 43(3); 2022 > Article |
|
Outcomes |
Study population: anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) |
Relative effect (95% CI) | No. of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Risk with placebo | Risk with vitamin D | |||||
No. of children who had RTIs | 331 per 1,000 | 314 per 1,000 (271–367) | RR 0.95 (0.82–1.11) | 1,486 (3 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ moderate† | Risk with vitamin D calculated from the mean risk across the intervention group from the three trials |
Presence of measurable serum IgE level | 418 per 1,000 | 477 per 1,000 (347–661) | RR 1.14 (0.83–1.58) | 1,373 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ moderate† | Risk with vitamin D calculated from the mean risk across the intervention group from the two trials |
Vitamin D compared with placebo for RTIs in offspring: (1) patient or population: pregnant women and their offspring; (2) setting: healthcare settings; (3) intervention: vitamin D; and (4) comparison: placebo. GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) working group grades of evidence: (1) high certainty: We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. (2) Moderate certainty: We are moderately confident in the effect estimate. The true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. (3) Low certainty: Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited. The true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. (4) Very low certainty: We have very little confidence in the effect estimate. The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect.
CI, confidence interval; RTIs, respiratory tract infections; RR, risk ratio; RCTs, randomized controlled trials; IgE, immunoglobulin E.