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Journal of the Korean Academy of Family Medicine 1994;15(9):622-631.
Published online September 1, 1994.
Prevalence of Atherosclerotic Risk Factors.
Hye Soon Park, Jong Baek Lee, En Gyung Kim, Dong Min Lee
건강검진에서 죽상경화증 위험인자의 유병율
박혜순, 이종백, 김은경, 이동민
울산대학교의과대학 서울중앙병원 가정의학교실
Abstract
Background
: In recent years, the disease related with atherosclerosis, such as coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, are increasing with the change of diet and socioeconomic status among Koreans. Thus, we investigated the risk factors of atherosclerosis in persons who took medical examinations.

Methods : We studied on the prevalence of atherosclerotic risk factors, such as smoking, lack of exercise, obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, high LDL-cholesterolemia, low HDL-cholesterolemia. The subjects were 4,396 persons(men 2458, women 1957) who took medical examinations in the period from June 1990 to June 1991 at Asan Medical Center. We used questionnaires designed for getting information on their exercise and smoking. We checked their height, weight and blood pressure. Blood sugar and serum lipids were measured after the subjects fasted for more than 12 hours. The indices of risk factors were defined as followings : obesity ; ≥120% of ideal body weight, hyperglycemia : fasting blood sugar ≥ 140mg/dl, hypertension : diastolic BP ≥ 90mmHg or systolic BP ≥ 140mmHg, hypercholesterolemia : serum cholesterol ≥ 240mg/dl, high LDL-C ≥ 160mg/dl, low HDL-C : <35mg/dl in men, <45mg/dl in women.

Results : Followings are the summary of the results. The prevalence of smoking is 41.2% (men 55.7%, women 20.8%) among subjects, lack of exercise 23.9%(men 25.5%, women 23.9%), obesity 17.5%(men 17.2%, women 22.7%), hyperention 5.9%(men 7.4%, women 5.7%), hyperglycemia 3.7%(men 5.4%, women 2.5%), hypercholesterolemia 10.4%(men 10.9%, women 9.8%), high LDL-cholesterolemia(men 8.6%, women 9.1%), low HDL-cholesterolemia 21.4%(men 13.4%, women 31.7%). The prevalence of lack of exercise, obesity, low HDL-cholesterolemia higher in women than men. Hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and high LDL-cholesterolemia increased with age.

Conclusion : Most of the risk factors of atherosclerosis except male gender, age, and genetic factors were potentially reversible. The prevalence of smoking, lack of exercise, obesity was very high in this study. Thus for prevention and management of atherosclerosis, we should educate people to modify life style. We hope that this study will provide the basic information for the future studies on the risk factors factors of atherosclerosis.
초록
연구배경 : 최근 우리나라도 식생활과 생활양식이 점차 서구화 되어 감에 따라 죽상경화증에 의한 사망률이 점차 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있다. 이에 건강진단을 시행한 성인을 대상으로 성별, 연령별 죽상경화증 위험인자들의 유병율에 대하여 조사하였다.

방법 : 1990년 6월부터 1991년 6월까지 서울중앙병원 종합건강진단센터에 내원하여 설문조사와 건강진단을 시행한 4,395명을 대상으로 하였다. 설문지를 이용한 흡연 여부와 규칙적인 운동 여부를 조사하였고 비만(이상체중의 120% 이상), 고혈압(이완기 혈압 ≥ 90mmHg 또는 수축기 혈압 ≥ 140mmHg), 당뇨병(공복시 혈당 ≥ 140mg/dl), 고콜레스테롤혈증(≥240mg/dl), 높은 저지단백(LDL)-콜레스테롤혈증(≥160mg/dl), 낮은 고지단백(HDL)-콜레스테롤혈증(남자<35mg/dl, 여자 <45mg/dl)등의 유병율을 조사하였다.

결과 : 흡연률은 41.2%(남자 55.7%, 여자 20.8%)였고, 운동부족의 빈도는 23.9%(남자 25.5%, 여자 28.6%)였다. 비만은 17.5%(남자 17.2%, 여자 22.7%)였고 고혈압은 5.9%(남자 7.4%, 여자 5.9%)였고, 당뇨병은 3.7%(남자 5.4%, 여자 2.5%)였다. 고콜레스테롤혈증은 10.4%(남자 10.9%, 여자 9.8%)였고 높은 저지단백(LDL)-콜레스테롤혈증은 8.9%(남자 8.6%, 여자 9.1%)였다. 낮은 고지단백(HDL)-콜레스테롤혈증은 21.4%(남자 13.4%, 여자 31.7%)였고, 연령간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 위험인자 중 흡연, 고혈압, 당뇨병은 남자에서 유의하게 높았고, 비만, 운동부족, 낮은 고지단백(HDL)-콜레스테롤혈증은 여자에서 유의하게 높았다. 고혈압, 당뇨, 고콜레스테롤혈증, 그리고 높은 고지단백(HDL)-콜레스테롤혈증은 여자에서 유의하게 높았다. 고혈압, 당뇨, 고콜레스테롤혈증, 그리고 높은 저지단백(LDL)-콜레스테롤혈증은 연령에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였다.

결론 : 흡연, 운동부족, 비만이 높은 유병율을 보였고 연령에 따라 고혈압, 당뇨병, 고콜레스테롤혈증, 높은 저지단백(LDL)-콜레스테롤혈증의 유병율이 증가하는 경향을 보였다.


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