Background
: The pathological significance of adolescent obesity is increasing, as research results indicate that about 80 percent of obese teenager becomes obese as adults. However, most studies on obesity have been mainly centered on the biomolecular aspect of obesity, thereby offering little solution to the clinical application and the promotion of overall health for people. This study investigates into the psychological factors of adolescent obesity, mainly that relating to stress.

Methods : After having chosen 14 third-year classes from two middle schools, one from the Kang-nam and the other from the Kang-puk region of Seoul, I have distributed questionnaires to the total of 501 students. For calculating the degree of stress among the students, I have employed the BEPSI (Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument) - K, transforming each 5 positive questions into 1 point, which were summed up and divided by 5 (the BEPSI-K score)

Results : Controlling the confounding factor, the regression coefficient regarding the Body Mass index of the BEPSI-K score was 0.661, t as 3.122, and R-Square as 0.05, indicating the statistical relevance of the two factors. A multiple linear regression analysis of theses data yielded the following equation :
Body Mass Index = 15.6+0.661×BEPSI-K score(R²=0.05)
Although the R-Square, as 0.05, was relatively low, this statistical result proves that the rise in stress contributes to the increase of Body Mass Index, thereby indicating that stress functions as an important factor for adolescent obesity.

Conclusion : For remedying and preventing adolescent obesity, one must make use of the BEPSI-K examination and calculate the degree of stress among the adolescent. This study further implies that the best solution to the problems of obesity among adolescent is for the family menbers, the educational institutions, and the society as a whole to understand and to help the adolescent overcome frequent mental stress resulting from thir daily lining.

Background
: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common diseases in primary practice. Although quantitative urine culture is the standard for diagnosis, a rapid screening test is needed for effective management. But numerous studies in the past were controversial. We evaluated the utility of dipstick urine analysis as a screening test for urinary tract infection.

Methods : A retrospective analysis of 311 patients who were admitted between May 1997, and April 1998 were chosen as subject. Patients had a complete urine analysis, such as microscopic analysis, chemical analysis by dipstick and urine culture was performed as part of an evaluation for urinary tract infection or suspicious febrile illness.
We compared dipstick analysis with microscopic examination and urine culture. The results of the dipstick urinalysis were compared with the results of the urine culture, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.

Results : A total of 311 cases were included in the study among which 122 cases were true pos-itive in urine culture. For dipstick urine analysis 92 of 122 cases were leukocyte esterase positive and 39 of 122 were nitrite positive. On microscopic examination 44 of 122 cases were leukocyte positive and 40 of 122 were microorganism positive.

Conclusion : The sensitivity of the dipstick urinalysis seems higher than the microscopic exami-nation in urinary tract infection. We conclude that the dipstick urinalysis is a useful screening test for urinary tract infection for those above 2 years old.