Background
: Osteoporosis is one of the characteristic adult diseases and important health problem. It brings to high prevalence, easy fracture, many complications, and lowers geriat-ric quality of life. With concern about osteoporosis as a primary care physician, we would like to know the relations between risk factors and BMD.

Methods : Among the patients who have taken the Bone-mineralodensitometry(BMD) ex-amination, from January. 4, 1994, to July. 31, 1995, at Sung Nam Central Hospital, we sele-cted 112. Data was gathered from the BMD examination and questionnaire. These data were analysed using SPSS/PC correlation and stepwise multiple regression statistic program.

Results : The study subjects were composed of 112 patients (female:51, male:61). By osteoporosis definition, the 2.5 S.D. below the peak bone mass is 51(45.5%), the normal group is 61(54.5%). In the stepwise multiple regression analysis, the most important risk factors are age and weight in female, exercise and weight in male.

Conclusion : In the prevention and early diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis, the physician should consider the risk factors. Due to noticeable frequency of male osteoporosis, more studies are needed.

Background
: Depression is frequently observed during long-term hemodialysis of patients. Comp-lications occur in proportion to depression tendency which gives wrong influences of their prognosis. Family function is influenced by long-term hemodialysis and patients show severe declines in their family function due to stresses and depression during treatment. We carried out this study to estimat the depression tendency of HD patients and their family function, compared them with non-HD patients and searching for relations between depression tendency and family function of HD patients.

Methods : As the study group, we took 78 cases(male 54, female 24 cases) among respondents who had hemodialysis regularly at Artificial Hemodialysis Unit in Seongnam Central Hospital and InHa University and as a control group took 78 cases of patients hospitalized in Internal Medicine department. We compared two groups about depression tendency by B야 scores and family function by Family APGAR score trough interview and questionnaire survey consisted of 37 questions.

Results : Average BDI score in HD patients was 27.1 and 19.3 in non-HD patients. Average Family APGAR score of HD patients and non-HD patients were respectively 5.8 and 6.8 and there was a statistic significance between two groups. And there was a close correlation between Family APGAR score and depression tendency in non-HD patients.

Conclusion : Ratio of depression tendency was 66.7% in HD patients, significantly higher thatn non-HD patients. Depression tendency was high in women and higher in older than younger. Family APGAR score was lower in HD patients than non-HD patients. In both groups depression tendency was highest in severely dysfunctional families. And there was no close correlations between depression tendency and Family APGAR score in HD patients.

Background
: FACES III, the wide world evaluating tool of the family function, was developed by Dr.Olsan. In Korea validity and reliability of FACES III have been proven by the score from father-mother-child triad Because, to date, many studies using the FACES III in korea have been applied to the only one of family members, and have been conducted without proving their validity and reliability, Jong Myon Bae, M.D. et al have been tested validity and reliability of FACES III when applied to the one of family members. But the validity if FACES III applied to the one of family members seemed not to be proven.
If validity and reliability of FACES III will be proven by score from two of family members(patient and care-giver), this method will be used in the practice of the family Medicine. Therefore, it is required to test validity and reliability of FACES III when applied to two of family members.

Methods : This cross-setional study was based on FACES III(this questionnare were translated by Dr. Lim, et al), self-report inventory response of 63 families, 126 subjects, who selected in admitted patients, out-patients, and their care-gives of the department of the Family Medicine, Internal Medicine, and Orthopedics, Song Nam Central Hospital. And demographic distributions were questioned.

Results : Cronbach's alpha coefficients for internal consistency of reliability were 0.60 for adaptabi-lity, 0.79 for cohesion and 0.62 for total items. The Pearson's corelation coefficient between cohesion and adaptability was 0.484(P<0.01), which did not support the construct validity. However, Corela-tion between total score and the sub-categorical items showed content-related validity except item No.20 of role concept. Correlation coefficiets between family members were 0.535 for adaptability and 0.448 for cohesion. It is statistically significant.

Conclusion : The validity of FACES III applied to two of family members seemed not to be prove., Therefore, it is required that the type of family function should be probably assessed by many numbers of family member.