The treatment of hypertension aims at preventing cerebrovascular complication from developing and at decreasing the death rate by the complication. Whether the treatment will be successful or not depends upon the compliance of the patient. So the writers of this paper sorted the 240 people out of the patients of hypertension who were registered to be treated for 5 years in Kosan clinic which is an attached organization of P.M.C. And we researched their compliance for the treatment of hypertension, various factors affecting it and the reasons of noncompliance. The results were as follows:
1. Out of 240 patients there were 56 men(23.3%) & 184 women(76.6%). The average age of them was 63.5.
2. On the compliance to therapy, there were 89 compliant people(37.1%) & 151 non-compliant people(62.9%) in the first half year after the registration, 79 compliants(32.9%) & 161 noncompliants(67.1%) after one year four years, 18 compliants(35.3%) & 33 noncompliants(64.7%) after five years.
3. According to results of discriminant analysis to find out the factors influencing the compliance & discriminant power, the most powerful variable of discrimination was the knowledge of the prognosis for the therapy. The second powerful variable was the knowledge of the reason of the therapy, and the next, previous history of the therapy, the period of disease, occupation, and obesity. The percent of "grouped" cases correcting classified by the discriminant analysis was 70.8%.
4. In the reason of noncompliance, 35 people(21.9%) answered "because we are busy", 27 people(16.9%) answered "because we are taking medication from another clinic", 25 people(16.4%) "because we don't think it necessary to be treated", 15 people(9.4%), "because we think we've become well after the therpy from the point of view that we have had normalized blood pressure". Broadly speaking, the reason of noncompliance by health provider occupied 53.0%, those of it by health acceptors did 29.5% and those of it by the socioeconomic factos did 17.5%.

Communication is generally accpeted as one of the most crucial facets of interpersonal relationships.
Olson, Russell, and Sprenckle has developed a theoretical model of marital and family systems known as the Circumplex model.
They hypothesized that effective communication facilitates movement to and maintenance of systems at the desired(balanced) level on the two collected from 116 families(a couple and an adolescent) through the questionnaire method based on FACESⅢ, Parent-Adolescent communication scale, and Sociodemographic sheet.
In this study, the correlation between Parent-Adolescent communication and sociodemographic factors was evaluated.
The higher Father-Adolescent communication level was related to the higher educational and economic status. The Mother-Adolescent communication level was not related to any sociodemographic factor.
It was evident that the families with high reported cohesiveness and balanced families had the most positive communication patterns.

In order to elucidate the relationship between low visual acuity and environmental factors including the video display terminal usage among school children, we measured the visual acuity of the 557 elementary school children and analysed the data from questionnaire about life pattern pertaining to video display terminal usage. The results were as follows;
1. There was a tendency of gradual increase of low visual acuity with grade(p<0.01).
2. The low visual acuity in female was higher than that in male. (p<0.01).
3. It is statistically significant that low visual acuity was related with glasses wearing of parents(p<0.05).
4. It is statistically significant that the time of watching TV, computer operation and duration of computer education were related with low visual acuity respectively(p<0.05).
From the above results, we have got a conclusion that low visual acuity was related not only with hereditary factors, but also with environmental factors including the video display terminal usage. So it is conceived that the instructions for proper usage of video display terminal are required for prevention of low visual acuity among school children. And further studies on causal relation between low visual acuity and video display terminal usage are required.

Chest pain is important to patients and clinicians because it can signal a threat to life and produce difficult diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Although there are many reports about emergencies, the literature has underemphasized the importance of the chest pain in our country. Authors made an analysis on 451 patients treated at Sevrance Hospital Emergency room from March 1989 to Febraury 1990 due to chest pain.

The results were as follows
1. Male was 53.6%, female was 46.4%, respectively.
2. The age distribution of patients was 15 through 90 years olds. The age group of 60-69 years old was the largest.
3. Overworking and psychic stress were found to be the common precipitating factors.
4. The mean number of laboratory examination performed was 3.91 by each patient. Among laboratory examinations, ECG was the most common laboratory examination. The number of normal ECG was 90(22.8%) and that of abnormal ECG was 409(77.2%).
5. Admission rate of chest pain patients (19.6%) were lesser than the admission rate of all patients in emerency room (34.3%).
6. Most of the patients had disease that could be diagnosed at a primary care level.
7. The 3 most common diseases of chest pain visited emergency room were coronary heart disease, psychosomatic disease and gastointestinal disease.

To find out the present conditions of domestic accidents and associating factors in the part of Seoul, this study was carried out through questionnaires on the households of the registered family of a certain hospital(218 cases), outpatients(132 cases), and a certain elementary school in Seoul(180 cases) from August 20 to September 30, 1989.
The major findings obtained were as follows :
1. The accident rate was 104 cases(28.7%), and among them the rate of 50 cases(48.1%) was in outpatients group, 29 cases(27.9%) was in elementary school group, and 26 cases(25%) in registered family group.
2. Sufferer's age distribution was that the age group of 16 to 60 years old was 50 cases(48.1%), less than 15 years old was 41 cases(39.4%), and over 61 years old was 13 cases(12.5%). The accident rate was highest in average age of 11.3 years old in boy and 7.7 years old in girl.
3. The previously existent disease was found in 29 cases(28.0%).
4. The places where accidents happened were room, yard, kitchen and stairs in order of frequency.
5. There was 68 cases(65.4%) who had a protector who was able to take care sufferer when accidents happened.
6. The prevailing type of injury was that falling was 38 cases(36.6%), trauma was 7 cases (6.8%), burn was 4 cases(3.8%), poisoning was 4 cases(3.8%), foreign body ingestion was 1 case(1.0%).
7. The adverse results were in 57 cases(54.8%) and the most afflicted part of the body were extremities and face.
8. The mode of type of treatment was through hospital or medical office in 44 cases(42.3%) and hospitalization in 36 cases(34.6%).
9. There were complete recovery ensuring in 51 cases(49.0%), incomplete recovery in 9 cases(8.7%), and death in 1 case(1%).

In order to find out the differences in drinking behavior of university students according to the family factors, a study was performed at 3 universities (two in Seoul and one in provincial city) using questionnaire from June 1990 to August 1990.
Total 993 students (761 were male and 232 were female) were included.
Following results were obtained.
1. The drinking rate of all participants was 86.4%, which of male was 87.6% and female 81.9%.
The percentage of 'frequent drinker' in the presence of habitual drinker among family members was greater than that in the absence, and in the absence of family members' opposition to drinking than in the presence.
The percentage of 'frequent drinker' when their parents' principle of education was liberal was greater than that when conservative, and when their families religion was Christian than when others.
2. Among the motives of drinking, 'for social reason' ranked 44.2%, 'the curiosity' 22.1%,'the attraction by friends' 16.2%, and' for psychologic stability' 11.1%, in order.
The percentage of those who chose 'for social reason' in the presence of habitual drinker among family members was greater than in the absence.
But the percentage of those who chose' the attraction by friends' and the percentage of those who chose 'for psychologic stability' were greater in the presence of gabitual drinker among family members than in the absence.
3. The percentage of those who initiate drinking before the graduation from middle school ranked 1,971, before the graduation from high school 42.1% and after the graduation from high school 59.8%, respectively.
4. Those who responded 'no plan to quit drinking' ranked 56.4%.
The percentage of those who responded 'surely will quit drinking' was greater when there was habitual drinker among family members, when there was all family members' opposition to drinking, when the parents' principle of education was conservative and when the income of their families was low.

Most recent data revealed that mortality rate of liver cirrhosis had been increased significantly in this society. And the mortality rate of hepatic cancer of Korean males was highest in the world last year. In the past, we did not give attention to the many alcoholics. So we need more considerable concerns about alcoholics and chronic hepatitis patients. Especially, death rate in fourth decade due to liver cirrhosis was significantly increased. Therefore, we studied retrospectively eighty liver cirrhosis patients admitted at Buchun Jeil Hospital from January 1989 to August 1990 located near Seoul city
The results obtained were as follows;
1. Male to female ratio was 8:1, and the age showed high incidence in 5th and 6th decades.
Patients who were hired and had low education and did not have religion were contributed with the most of the cases.
2. 85% of patients were alcohol drinkers and has been drinking over 20 years.
3. The amount of alcohol consumption most patients was more than 1 bottle of 2 hop-Soju.
4. Most often chief complaints when admitted were ascites.
5. α-fetoprotein was positive in 78.8%.
6. Serum HBs Ag is positive in 32.5% of cases and HBe Ag is positive in 30.8%.
7. Hepatoma was combined with liver cirrosis in 18.8% of cases.

It is clearly defined through a number of authoritative studies that the age of menarche influenced by the various combined factors such as nutrition status, physical status, physical growth and development status, socioeconomic status, locality, culture, education level, climate, race, heredity, etc.
This study was designed to obtain the menarche, the factors which influence on menarche and the menstrual patterns after menarche. For the data sampling, self-administered questionnaire survey was made in May, 1990 among the 600 girls in a middle school (389 total menarcheal girls) in urban area.
1. The rates of menses experience by years were 33.9% in the age group of 12 years girls 52.0% in 13 years. 80.8% in 14 years, 93.3% in 15 years respectively.
2. The mean age of menarche was 12.6 years old. And the menarcheal age ranged from 9.3 years to 15.3 years old.
3. The girls at menarche were taller and heavier than those of the same age who had not experienced menarche.
4. The mean weight at menarche was 49.1±6.2 Kg, and the mean height at menarche was 156.6±5.1 cm(mean±S.D.).
5. The menarcheal age was not influenced by siblings, the educational level of parents and economic status.
6. The summer and winter were highly frequent seasons of the menarche.
7. The irregularity of menstruation was 41.7% and the proportion of normal menstruation, polymenorrhea, oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea were 17.2%, 11.0%, 14.1% and 3.7% respectively. The mean menstrual interval was 32.1±10.8 days and the mean duration was 4.5±1.3 days.
8. The menarcheal age, thinking to be fat, stress, weight loss, exercise, sleeping hours, drug ingestion and menstrual symptoms were not associated with the menstrual patterns.