Most primary care physicians are faced with continuous health care and this access is accomplished through the telephone because on-call arrangement is the traditional solution to patient care demands outside scheduled hours and provides a means by which the patient may interact with a health care provider at all times of day or night. For this purpose, we have given 24 hour telephone call service at Dept. of Family medicine, Seoul National University Hospital.
We analysed the contents of 108 calls for 5 months(90.5.1~9.30) from the family members who are registered in the same department in terms of age, sex, chief complaint and counselling.

Followings are the result of the study ;
1. A total of 108 calls were received during the study period and an average of 0.7 call day were received.
2. Of the patients who called, 61.8% was female and 38.2% was male.
3. According to patient's age, divided into age groups of 0-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and 60-69year of age, the heighest number of patients were observed in age of 0-19 in male and in age of 30-49 in female.
4. When analysed by the type of caller, call from the patient was 51.4%, that from their relatives was 48.6%.
5. On weekdays, 76 calls were received and none on weekend, 32 calls were distributed throughout the day as follows;
40 calls(37.0%) were received by the physicians during daytime hours of 9AM to 3PM and 68 calls(63.0%) were received on after-hours.
6. The majority of the contents of calls were about the medical problems and diagnoses related to medical problems are recorded in the general categories of the international classification. The most common diagnoses are Gastrointestinal tract and Nervous and sense organ disease.
7. Most calls did not require a face to face visit as judged by the physician. So, of the calls, 44.8% were handled by the physicians with only information.

In the many studies of the family relationship, it is essential to figure out the marital satisfaction to know how much the people of their society enjoy happy life and it is necessary to solve the causes of dissatisfaction to study which factors have irfluence and give satisfaction.
This study was performed in order to measure the sociodemogaphic factors which influence marital satisfaction during the school age stage of the family life cycle by the Dr. Olson's Marital Satisfaction Scale.
Responese to self-administered questionnaire, which were given to 120 married couples were analysed.

The results were as follows:
1. Maital satisfaction of those who are male(p<0.05), have higher income(p<0.01), have son in children(p<0.05) were significantly higher than those who are not. But, there were no significant differences in age, education levels, occupation, house, total family number, number of children, and living with their parents.
2. In marital satisfaction of married couples, the marital satisfaction scores of husband were significantly higher than those of wife in family which have income of 300-590 thousand won for month(p<0.01), have 4-6 persons in member, have two children, have son or sons in children, and which does not live wiht their parents(p<0.05).
3. In subscale analysis of marital satisfaction scale, the marital satisfaction scores of husband were significantly higher than those of wife in PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS(p<0.01), COMMUNICATION(p<0.01), SEXUAL RELATIONSHIP(p<0.01), ROLE RESPONSIBILITIES(p<0.05), RELATIONSHIP WITH FAMILY AND FRIENDS(p<0.05), but, in the part of CONFLICT RESOLUTION, LEISURE ACTIVITY, the marital satisfaction of husband tend to be higher than those of wife but there were no significant difference, and the marital satisfaction scores of wife were higher than those of husband in FINANCIAL CONCERNS, PARENTS RESPONSIBILITY, RELIGIOUS ORIENTATION, but there were no significant difference.

We classified 121 patients who admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Kang Seu Hospital between March, 1990 and August, 1990 due to severe cough or high fever to three groups based on chest x-ray findings and cold agglutination test. Group I was 31 cases of Mycoplasmal pneumonia which showed signs of pneumonia on chest x-ray and cold agglutin titration of 1:64 or titration with four fold increase during follow up study. Group Ⅱ was 16 cases of non-Mycoplasmal pneumonia which showed signs of pneumonia on chest x-ray and cold agglutin titration of less than 1:32 or titration with no four fold increase during follow up study. Group Ⅲ was 38 cases of non-pneumonic Mycoplasmal infection which showed no pneumonic sign on chest x-ray and cold agglutin titration of 1:64 or titration with four fold increase during follow up study. The remainder was not involved in our study. Clinical data and chest x-ray findings were analysed prospectively.

The results were as follows;
1. Among the total 69 cases with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, the frequency of nonpneumonic Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was 38 cases(55.0%).
2. We classified age to three classes(below 5 years old, 6-9 years old, above 10 years old). In the Group I, the frequency of 6-9 years was more than Group Ⅱ, significantly(p<0.05).
3. As for the clinical symptoms on admission, the most frequent symptoms were cough, fever, such as usual constitutional symptoms of pneumonia, in order of frequency in Group I and Group Ⅱ. In the Group Ⅲ, the most frequent symptom was high fever, but cough was less common than Group I, significantly(p<0.01)
4. We classified symptom durations before admisson to three classes(within 1 week, 1-2weeks, above 2 weeks). In the Group I, the frequency of 1-2 weeks was more common than Group Ⅲ, significantly(p<0.01). In the Group Ⅲ, the frequency of within 1 week was more common than I, significantly(p<0.01).
5. Comparing chest x-ray findings between Group I and Group Ⅱ which showed pneumonia sign on chest x-ray, air space consolidation in Group I and bronchopneumonia in GroupⅡ were more common than each other, significantly(p<0.05). Among the sites involved, unilateral involvement was markedly more common than bilateral involvement and right involvement was markedly more common than left involvement.
6. Mean duration of hospitalization of the Group Ⅲ was 4.9 days, it was shorter than Group I, significantly(p<0.01).

As above results, non-pneumonic Mycoplasma prneumonise infection was above 50% of cases with cold agglutinin level equal or more than 1:64. Therefore, the patients showing the symptom of upper and lower respiratory infection without pneumonic sign also shoud be treated with keeping in mind of the possibility of Mycoplasma pneumonias infection.

During 4 weeks (1990.5.21-6.18), ninety-two patients' medical interviews were reviewed after recording by the use of audiovisual system for analysing their terms containing medical meanings. Medical intervews were done at OPD of Department of Family Medicine, Seoul, Seoul National University Hospital.

The results were as follow;
1. Total time of medical interviews was 1,021 minutes.
2. For hundred five words or sentences were presented and used 831 times.
3. Patients used 298 words or sentences 685 times to complain their symptoms.
4. Everyday languages and well-known medical languages were used as meidcally meaning full terms.
5. There were many words or sentences containing similar medical meaning.
6. There were some words containing two or more meanings concomitantly.

In order to study the relationship between the family APGAR score and smoking, a survey was performed at 4 boys high schools in Seoul from May 1st, 1990 to June 30th, 1990.
Total 833 respondents were included.

The results were as follows;
1. Among them, the freshmen were 244 cases (26.9%), the sophomore and the senior were 371 (44.5%), 238 (28.6%) respectively.
2. Smokers among the respondents were 356 cases(42.7%) The motives of smoking were the curiosity(49.4%), the attraction of friends (19.4%), and the emotional stability(15.7%) in order.
The 47.5% of total smokers began smoking before graduation of middle school, 72.5% of them smoked less than 10 cigarettes per day.
3. In accordance to family APGAR score, 239 cases(28.7%) had severe family dysfunction, 315 cases(37.8%) had moderate family dysfunction, and 279 cases(33.5%) had healthy family function.
4. Family APGAR score was lower in the smokers, especially in the heavy smokers than the non-smokers.
5. Among the factors that were suspected to be contributing to the smoking habit, the followings showed a statistically significant difference ; The grade, the school year, the friendship, the drinking, the living together with parents, the way of breeding by parents, the parents' smoking and the sufferings.

For a baseline survey on the knowledge, attitude and parctice of family medicine among patients admitted in Seoul Christian Hospital, a questionnaire survey was carried out during the period of April 1 through May 31, 1990. Among 300 patients, 224 patients responded the questionnaires. The results of this survey were as follows:
1. Total number of samples were 224. Among them male population was 134(59.8%) and female population was 90(40.2%).
2. The rate of respondents who have ever heard about family medicine was 71.9% and most of them it from the mass media.
3. The rate of respondents who thought that family medicine is necessary for the Korean medical system was 90.6%.
4. The rate of respondents who will register to family physician for their medical care was 83.5%.

For comprehensive approach in planning practice, a family physician, as gate keeper of primary care on certain community health, has been required to be noticed such informations which are associated with patient's private life, sociocultural background as well as physical conditions.
Therefore, a questionnaire concerning general people was proposed to randomized 1,000 persons in community hospitals, a few industries and public offices from Aug. 1990 to Sep. 1990. Data on 270 persons were selected and analyzed so that results were as follws;

1. The total number of patients was 270, in which 183 were male(67.8%) and 87 were female(32.2%). The age distribution was largest in 31-40yrs(38.1%). The occupation was largest in officer, 120(44.4%). The living places were mainly Seoul and Sung Nam city. The environmental hazards were present in 122(45.2%). The family satisfaction and social satisfaction were positive trend in 149(55.2%), 112(41.5%).
2. Of disease charactes of headache, experiences of diagnosis were in 149(55.2%)-infectious disease, tension headache, hypertension, in order and the location was common in posterior area of head and forehead. The frequency was 1-3 times on a day in 137(50.7%). The intensity was mild and very mild in 122(45.2%). The 3 most common associated symptoms were dizziness, G-I troubles, weakness and numbness on extremities.
3. There was close statistical correlation between diagnosis of headache and age, occupation, insurance, living place(P<0.05), and between intensity of headache and environmental hazards, marital status, social satisfaction(P<0.05).
4. The method of headache was self resolution and drug store visits in 230(85.2%), The reason for that was "considered being able to solve with the methods" in 115(42.6%). There was close correlation between above 2 items(P<0.05).
5. In drug use, after check information about its mechanisms, indications, side effects was in 125(46.3%). The duration of headache to visit hospital was less than 1 week in 128(47.4%).
6. The 3 most common subjective causes of headache were psychological problem, alcohol drinking, hidden disease, in order. The main reason for visit doctor was "for diagnosis of etiologic disease" in 103(37.3%) and concepts on doctor's role was "able professional in diagnosis and treatment" in 158(58.5%). Between above 2 items, there was close correlation(P<0.05).