Background : Hepatitis B is an important disease in South Korea because the prevalence is high. There are two officially-granted hepatitis B vaccination schedules; 0, 1, 2-month schedule (not, 0, 1, 2, 12-month schedule) and 0, 1, 6-month schedule. This study was performed to compare vaccination completion rate between the two schedules.
Methods : The study subjects were all subjects who came to the City Medical Center to receive their first hepatitis vaccination dose from March to September, 1998. On odd-numbered day, 0, 1, 2-month schedule was delivered and on even-numbered day 0, 1, 6-month schedule was deliv-ered. On the first visit, the data about general characteristics were collected via self-administered questionnaire. Whether three vaccination doses were all received or not was ascertained by vaccination registration book. The subjects whose vaccination completion could not be ascertained by the book were called by telephone. The data were analyzed by Excel and SPSS-PC.
Results : Total collected cases were 822. Among them, 99 cases were excluded from analysis due to reasonable incompletion (11), incorrect inclusion (9) and impossible confirmation (79), which left 723 cases. General characteristics between two groups were not different except the existence of intrafamilial hepatitis carrier. The hepatitis B vaccination completion rate was higher in 0, 1, 2 -month schedule (85.4%) than in 0, 1, 6-month schedule (76.1%) only in the cases without intrafamilial hepatitis B carrier member.
Conclusion : The completion rate of heatitis B vaccination was higher in 0, 1, 2-month schedule than 0, 1, 6-month schedule in the cases without intrafamilial hepatitis B carrier member.
Background : The prevalence of hepatitis C in blood donors have been reported to be 1.5% to 2.0% and 85-90% of post-transfusion hepatitis patients show anti-HCV positive results. Most agree that hepatitis C is readily spread by way of contact with blood, but a discernible history of parenteral exposure is identified in only 40% to 50% of cases. Thus other possible nonparenteral routes of transmission such as vertical, sexual and intrafamilial contact transmission need to be explored. In this study, we investigated the clincial characteristics of anti-HCV but also by HCV-PCR to explore the possibility of HCV infection through nonparenteral household contact.
Methods : Past history, physical examination, liver function tests, HCV-PCR, hepatitis B viral markers, abdominal ultrasonography and liver biopsy were done in 161 anti-HCV seropositives from May, 1991 to August, 1996. Of the 161 seropositives, 42 seropositives' family members, 98 subjects, were available for investigation by anti-HCV, HCV-PCR and liver function teste to doc-ument intrafamilial HCV infection; thier respective relationships to the index seropositive were noted.
Results : The 161 anti-HCV seropostives were classified as follows: 34 in the carrier group(21.1%). 41 in the acute hepatitis group(25.5%), 32 in the chronic hepatitis griyo(19.9%), 24 in the liver cirrhosis group(14.9%) and 30 in the hepatoma group(18.6%). The positive rates of HCV-PCR were 55.2% in total, 46.1% in the carrier group, 55.0% in the acute hepatitis group, 76.4% in the chronic hepatitis group, 40.0% in the liver cirrhosis group, and 42.8% in the hepatoma group. The 98 family members were all anti-HCV seronegative. The positive rates of HCV-PCR in these family members were 10.2% in total, 7.1% in spouses, 28.6% in siblings, and 8.3% in children.
Conclusion : Anti-HCV seropositives were in various clinical states of liver disease due to HCV infecton. Although none of the family members showed anti-HCV positive results, HCV-PCR was positive in 10.2% of the family members indicating the need to perform HCV-PCR to detect HCV infection.
Background : Recently live blood analysis was populated in korean society. So we evaluated clinical utility of Live blood analysis, as compared the Live blood analysis result of patients who have confirmed diagnosis of disease with that of controls who have no known health problems.
Methods : We carried out Live blood analysis to patients(n=30) who was entered to an admission in Yongdong severance hospital from February 2000 to March 2000 and to controls (n=30) who worked in that hospital at same time. We examined 3 abnormal finding; rouleau formation, spicule, protoplast, which were often observed in Live blood analysis.
Results : At comparison of parient group and control grup, rouleau formation was observed in 27 patients except 3 partients and it was observed in all 30 controls. Spicule was observed 2 in 9 partients except 1 patients and it was observed in all 30 controls. Protoplast was observed in 16 patients and 13 controls. There was no difference between patients and controls in observing 3 abnormal fingding.
Conclusion : We conclude that Live blood analysis may have no clinical significance.
Background : Childhood obesity that has been increasing in Korea in influenced by the environment and life style. The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of childhood obesity in a rural city and to compare the food habit and life style of obese children with normal children.
Methods : We made 13 conventional samples of primary school and attached kindergarten located in Asan-city, ChungNam, in 1999. We surveyed height, weight, food habits and the life style related to obesity with a self-report questionnaire. The criteria of obese children were over 120% of ideal body weight which is defined as the 50th percentile of weight for Korean children of the same height and sex in 1998, and over 95th percentile of body mass index of Korean children in 1998.
Results : The subjects were 1,449 children smong 2,117 respondents. The prevalence of obese children by relative weight method was 11.3%, and that of male children was 12.4% and that of female children was 10.1%. The prevalence of obese children by body mass index method was 7.1% in male and 8.1% in female. The younger in both male and female, the higher the obesity prevalence was. The food habits that showed significant difference between normal and obese children were eating rapidly and outdoor activity. Obese children has fewer bad habits that normal.
Conclusion : The prevalence of childhood obesity in Asan-city was 11.3%, and lower than that in Seoul. The gravest concern in food habits of obese children was eating rapidly.
Background : There are different opinions on whether the percentage of dietary fat is associated with the development of obesity and on it's treatment. In this country, dietary fat intake has been smaller compared to the Western countries. The purpose of this study was to find whether intake of dietary fat is related to percentage body fat in obese adults cross-sectionally.
Methods : Nutrient intake form 24-hour dietary recall and percent body fat from bioelectrical impedance method were measured in 51 obese adults. Total energy intake was associated with intake of dietary fat and body size. Thus, the association of intake of dietary fat and three types of fat with percentage body fat were examined after adjustment for total energy intake by using 4 statistical models (standard multivariate model, and nutrient residual model, energy-partition model, and multivariate nutrient density model).
Results : In all of these models, the results for types of fat and total fat showed similar results. Higher intake of total fat, saturated and polyunsaturated fat was associated with increased percentage body fat, while higher intake of monounsaturated fat was associated with decreased percentage body fat.
Conclusion : We found positive association between dietary intake of fat and percentage body fat in obese adults. Our results suggest that reducing fat intake would be a helpful way to prevent and treat obesity in adults.
BACKGROUND Physical activity and calcium nutriture with reproductive endocrine status are primary controller of bone remodelling activity. There are differences in impact of exercise on early menopausal bone ; late menopausal bone.
There are possibility of different effect of calcium intake on bone mass among different life stage. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether the relation between lifestyle and bone mineral density varied with life stages. METHODS We examined bone mineral density and took questionnaires related to lifestyle of 1,698 women aged 49~54 years old who lived in ulsan from July 1999 to Dec.
1999. We selected 731 healthy subjects without medical conditions or lifestyle factors known to affect bone metabolism. RESULTS In 6~10 years postmenopausal women, those with calcium intake of more than 600 or 800mg /day showed significantly greater BMD. In postmenopausal women , those daily consumption of milk showed greater BMD. But it is not significantly. In premenopausal women with regular menstruation, those who took regular exercise showed significantly greater BMD than those who did not. Working hours is not related with BMD. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the relation between calcium intake or physical activity and BMD differed with life stages. It was suggested that life stages should be taken into consideration to perform lifestyle modifications for the prevention and management of osteoporosis.
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