Aspirin is well known for its central role in preventing cardio cerebrovascular diseases as an antiplatelet agent. However besides its favorable effects, one must also be fully aware of its side effects such as gastrointestinal complications or cerebral hemorrhage. Particularly when prescribing to Koreans, one must be highly cautious, considering the higher prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection and the contribution of hemorrhagic stroke as a major part of cerebral disease in Korean. Currently the guideline for secondary prevention of cardio cerebrovascular diseases is relatively well established, while the consensus for primary prevention is still controversial. The purpose of this paper would be to summarize the evidence of aspirin usage in preventing cardio cerebrovascular diseases, examine the additional factors one must consider, and help primary physician prescribing aspirin appropriately.

Citations

• A Patient with Dyspnea, Chest Pain and Fatigue due to Angina Pectoris Treated with Saengmaeg-san-hap-Bojungikgi-tang-gami : A Case Report
  Do-yeon Park, Hyang-ran Moon, Hui-jeong Noh
  The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine.2024; 45(3): 478.     CrossRef
• Effect of Herbal Medicines on Preventing Restenosis After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
  Nayeon Hur, Subin Ahn, Hongjun Kim, Insoo Jang
  The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine.2023; 44(3): 387.     CrossRef

Background
Many children and adolescents are exposed to the risk of cardiovascular diseases because of increase in obesity and obesity-related metabolic derangements in children and adolescents. The diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome is useful to identify these children with high cardiovascular risk. In 2007, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) presented a new defi nition of the metabolic syndrome for children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome using the IDF pediatric defi nition in Korean children and adolescents.Methods: We used data from 931 participants aged 10-19 years in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005. The metabolic syndrome was diagnosed by the new IDF pediatric defi nition.Results: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in Korean children and adolescents aged 10-19 years was 2.0 ± 0.5% (boys: 3.1 ± 0.8%, girls: 0.8 ± 0.4%). Approximately 95% of children and adolescents with the metabolic syndrome was classifi ed with obesity and none of the normal-weighted participants were diagnosed with the metabolic syndrome.Conclusion: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in Korean children and adolescents was 2.0 ± 0.5%. It is expected that the new IDF pediatric defi nition will help to detect children with high cardiovascular risk early and to manage them properly. However, whether the IDF pediatric defi nition of the metabolic syndrome and cut-off points of its components are appropriate for Korean children and adolescents should be answered through future research.

Citations

• Association between mothers’ working hours and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2016–2020
  Myoung-hye Lee, Joo-Eun Jeong, Hoon-Ki Park, Hwan-Sik Hwang, Kye-Yeung Park
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2025; 46(2): 84.     CrossRef
• Prevalence Trends of Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Children and Adolescents from a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Survey
  Ji Hyun Kim, Jung Sub Lim
  Life.2022; 12(9): 1404.     CrossRef
• The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome According to Grip Strength in Teenagers
  Duk Han Ko, Young Kyun Kim
  Children.2021; 8(2): 108.     CrossRef
• Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Children and Adolescents in High‐Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Observational Studies
  Zebenay Workneh Bitew, Ayinalem Alemu, Zelalem Tenaw, Animut Alebel, Teshager Worku, Ermias Getaneh Ayele, Ali Abbara
  BioMed Research International.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Adolescents According to the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III and International Diabetes Federation
  Seonho Kim, Wi-Young So
  Nutrients.2016; 8(10): 588.     CrossRef
• Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Abnormalities in Korea Children and Adolescents and Nutrient intakes: Using 2008 the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
  Hang-Me Nam, Mi-Ja Choi
  Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(2): 133.     CrossRef
• An analysis of long-term occurrence of renal complications following pediatric pyeloplasty
  Hahn-Ey Lee, Kwanjin Park, Hwang Choi
  Journal of Pediatric Urology.2014; 10(6): 1083.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Lifestyle Factors on Metabolic Syndrome among Adolescents
  Hanju Lee
  Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2014; 28(2): 270.     CrossRef
• Relationships between the Change in Obesity Rate and Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome among Middle School Students in Ulsan
  Soon-Ho Choi, Song-Woo Shin, Cheol-In Yoo
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2012; 13(11): 5271.     CrossRef
• Dietary and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Hypertension in Korean Adolescents -Based on 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-
  Killye Kim, Sook Mee Son, Hye-Kyeong Kim
  Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2011; 16(4): 439.     CrossRef
• Association of Visceral Fat and Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents
  Jeong-Hyeon Kwon, Han-Yun Jang, Min-Jin Oh, Jun-Seung Rho, Ju-Hye Jung, Keun-Sang Yum, Ji-Whan Han
  Yonsei Medical Journal.2011; 52(1): 39.     CrossRef
• The metabolic syndrome and sports medicine
  Yun Jun Yang
  Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2011; 54(7): 697.     CrossRef
• Association with Self-Perception for Obesity and Mental Health among Korean Adolescent
  In-Cheol Hwang, Kyoung-Shik Lee, Dong-Kyun Park, Eun-Young Jung, Chung-Hyun Choi, Seong-Jin Cho, Seung-Min Bae
  Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.2011; 22(2): 112.     CrossRef
• Lifestyle Habits Related to Abdominal Obesity in Korean Adolescents
  Won-Chin Chung, Young-Gyu Cho, Jae-Heon Kang, Hyun-Ah Park, Kyoung-Woo Kim, Joo-Ho Kang, Nu-Ri Kim, Hye-Jin Kim, Ok-Hyun Kim
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2010; 31(7): 547.     CrossRef
• Metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents
  Young Mi Hong
  Korean Journal of Pediatrics.2009; 52(7): 737.     CrossRef

Background
The worldwide prevalence of obesity and allergic diseases has increased. We aimed to explore the relation of overweight to asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis in a sample of Korean adolescents.Methods: We investigated the prevalence of symptoms of asthma and other allergic diseases by using a modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. The survey was conducted among 1,499 high school students in 3 regions of Korea.Results: The lifetime prevalence of wheezing (21.2% vs. 15.7%, P = 0.04), the 12 months-prevalence of wheezing (4.5% vs. 2.0%, P = 0.04), exercise induced wheezing (13.8% vs. 9.3%, P = 0.04), treatment of asthma (3.3% vs. 1.1%, P = 0.01) and the prevalence of symptoms of allergic rhinitis (11.0% vs. 5.1%, P = 0.001) were signifi cantly higher in overweight boys than normal weight boys, but not in girls. However, there were no signifi cant differences of the prevalence of symptoms and past history of atopic dermatitis and allergic conjunctivitis between overweight and normal weight groups. In boys, overweight increased the risk of the lifetime prevalence of wheezing (OR 1.54, 95% CI: 1.05-2.24) and 12 months- prevalence of exercise induced wheezing (OR 1.64, 95% CI: 1.05-2.55) after adjusting for confounding variables.Conclusion: Overweight could be a risk factor for the development of symptoms of asthma and allergic rhinitis in adolescent boys, whereas it was not a signifi cant risk factor for allergic diseases in girls.

Citations

• Factors related to Asthma in Korean Adults: A Secondary Data Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2016
  Mi-Jeong Yun
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2019; 31(3): 259.     CrossRef

Background
Lifestyle is an important risk factor for many diseases. We need to educate medical students for advocating health promoting behaviors to their patients. Teaching knowledge, however, was not enough for medical students to change their health-related lifestyle. In this study, we investigated health promoting behaviors of medical students, and the improvement of their health behaviors after competitive lifestyle modifi cation program.Methods: All sophomores of medical college in Seoul National University were included in this study. We performed lifestyle modifi cation program consisting of lecture, group competition, and feedback. We focused on reforming health behaviors like smoking, drinking, exercise, stress management and eating habits. And we also checked common symptoms of functional diseases, medication frequency for relieving these symptoms and general life satisfaction.Results: After 2 months of lifestyle modifi cation program, the obese (P = 0.0455) and the average value of BMI (P < 0.001) were decreased and two of smokers quitted smoking. Numbers of medical students with health related habits such as regular exerciser (P = 0.027), frequent user of symptom-relief medication (P < 0.001), breakfast skipper (P = 0.005) were signifi cantly changed in positive way, and the average value of general life satisfaction score (P = 0.003) was improved.Conclusion: Lifestyle modification program improved medical students' health habits and enhanced general life satis-faction.

Citations

• What Kind of Mentoring Do We Need? A Review of Mentoring Program Studies for Medical Students
  Yera Hur, Sun Kim, Keumho Lee
  Korean Journal of Medical Education.2013; 25(1): 5.     CrossRef
• Happiness of Medical Students and Tasks in Medical Education
  Eun Bi Lim
  Korean Medical Education Review.2011; 13(2): 25.     CrossRef

Background
s: In terminally ill cancer patients, delirium must be considered to be important clinically and for the quality of life. We reviewed cases of delirium in hospitalized cancer patients with the aim to recognize and treat delirium. Methods: We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of patients admitted with terminal cancer from April 2003 to April 2004 in the department of family medicine, National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital. A total of 71 patients were evaluated with age, sex, oncological diagnosis, metastases, morphine (oral morphine equivalents/day, OME) use and amount, sedatives use, duration from delirium to death, and laboratory fi ndings. Analysis was conducted to fi nd the characteristics of delirium patients and to quantify the relationship between delirium and predicting factors. Results: Among 71 cases, those patients who developed delirium were 41 (57.7%). Among them, gastric cancer was the most common diagnosis with 10 patients (24.4%), followed by colon and lung cancers (9: 22%, 5: 12.2%). The patients receiving sedatives or morphines were 24 (58.5%) and 28 (68.3%), respectively. The mean amount of morphine was 168.6 ± 125.5 mg OME/day. Hyperbilirubinemia (4.2 ± 9.2 mg/dL) and hyponatremia (132.5 ± 4.5 mM/L) were found. Not only bone metastasis and the use of morphine or sedatives but serum Na were signifi cant (P = 0.047; P < 0.001; P = 0.069; P = 0.029). By logistic regression analyses, the occurrence of delirium was increased with decreased serum Na (odds ratio [95% CI] 0.798 [0.649-0.981]) and increased use of sedatives (5.955 [1.080-32.835]).Conclusion: In terminally ill cancer patients, the risk factors of delirium were bone metastasis, the use of morphine or sedatives, and serum Na level. Among these, the use of sedatives and serum Na level were independent risk factors.

Citations

• Risk factors for delirium in advanced cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Yating Guo, Yan Mu, Tingting Wu, Qian Xu, Xiuxia Lin
  European Journal of Oncology Nursing.2023; 62: 102267.     CrossRef
• Validation of Modified Models of Objective Prognostic Score in Patients With Advanced Cancer
  Seok-Joon Yoon, Sang-Yeon Suh, Yusuke Hiratsuka, Sung-Eun Choi, Sun-Hyun Kim, Su-Jin Koh, Shin Ae Park, Ji-Yeon Seo, Jung Hye Kwon, Jeanno Park, Youngmin Park, Sun Wook Hwang, Eon Sook Lee, Hong-Yup Ahn, Shao-Yi Cheng, Ping-Jen Chen, Takashi Yamaguchi, Sa
  Journal of Palliative Medicine.2023; 26(8): 1064.     CrossRef
• Association between Principal Diagnosis with Mental Diseases among Inpatients
  Sung-Soo Kim
  Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2022; 47(1): 57.     CrossRef
• Retrospective Cohort Study on the Administration of Sedative for Delirium in Terminally Ill Cancer Patients and Survival Time
  Hyoung Sook Park, Dae Sook Kim, Eun Hee Bae, Jung Rim Kim, Jung Hwa Seo, Jung Mi Yun
  The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2016; 19(2): 119.     CrossRef
• Risk Factors Related to Development of Delirium in Hospice Patients
  Hae Jin Ko, Chang Ho Youn, Seung Eun Chung, A Sol Kim, Hyo Min Kim
  The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2014; 17(3): 170.     CrossRef

Background
While a great amount of practical attention has been paid to the location of medical specialists' office, little research has been published in Korean medical journals. This study examines the concentration level and the related factors of the location of medical specialists' offi ce. For the related factors of the location, this study considers 1) the relative infl uence of resident vs. daytime population, 2) the relative infl uence of resident vs. university-graduate population, and 3) the ratio of aged population. Methods: This study utilized the Korea Medical Association's "2006 Annual Report Membership Statistics" and the Korea National Statistical Offi ce's "2005 National Population and Housing Census" as data sources. Results: The location of plastic surgeons, dermatologists, psychiatrists, ophthalmologists, and urologists' offi ce was more concentrated than the average, while the reverse was true for obstetricians, gynecologists, orthopedic surgeons, internists, family physicians, and general surgeon's offi ce. Daytime population was more correlated with the location of doctors' office than resident population in most specialties, with the exception of pediatrics, orthopedic surgery and internal medicine. While university-graduates population was more associated with the location than resident population in most specialties, the reverse was true for orthopedic surgery, obstetrics & gynecology, and pediatrics. The ratio of aged population was negatively associated with the location in all the specialties. Conclusion: The concentration level showed considerable differences across specialties. Daytime population and university-graduate population were more related with the location of doctors' offi ce than resident population in most specialties.

Citations

• Equitable City in an Aging Society: Public Transportation-Based Primary Care Accessibility in Seoul, Korea
  Yoonchae Yoon, Jina Park
  Sustainability.2022; 14(16): 9902.     CrossRef

Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is one type of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, characterized by its poor prognosis and gradual deterioration of clinical course. So it is important to distinguish UIP from other interstitial pneumonia. Defi nitive histological diagnosis of UIP requires lung biopsy. The criteria for diagnosis of UIP in the absence of a surgical lung biopsy were recently defi ned. We report a case of 75-year-old man who was diagnosed as bronchopneumonia with chief complaint of fever, dyspnea on fi rst visit, then fi nally diagnosed as UIP through the remaining of chest abnormality after treatment.