Background
Adolescence is an essential stage of a child’s development, transitioning them into adulthood. During this time, they are vulnerable to various social issues, such as experimenting with alcohol, among others. Although alcohol consumption was proven to be detrimental to physical and cognitive development toward adulthood, and almost one in 10 Malaysian adolescents aged 13 years and above are current drinkers, studies concerning the driving factors are still scarce. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine alcohol use among 244 adolescents in Nabawan, Sabah.
Methods
This study assessed the associations between alcohol use and three potential factors: demographic, environmental, and psychological. Respondents who were selected through stratified proportionate random sampling answered a set of assessment tools.
Results
Results showed that 30.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 24.91–36.48) of Nabawan adolescents use alcohol. Analysis revealed that older age adolescents 18 years and 19 years, respectively (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.93; P=0.021; aOR, 5.38; P=0.003), having parents (aOR, 4.11; P=0.001) and peers (aOR, 11.57; P<0.001) who consume alcohol were significantly associated with alcohol use. Unexpectedly, good parental monitoring (aOR, 2.46; P=0.019) and discussing serious problems with parents (aOR, 3.86; P=0.001) were significantly associated with alcohol use.
Conclusion
Conclusively, policies on alcohol-related harm reduction and prevention should be developed, especially school-based programs, programs addressing family functioning, and parent-child communication, among others, should be further looked into. Future research on the school environment, adolescents’ drinking motives, and the development of practical adolescent-friendly alcohol screening tools are recommendations for improvements.

Background
Adolescent dependency on smartphones is the highest among all age groups. Adolescents can be influenced to evaluate their body image by popular ideals about beautiful bodies via smartphone content, which can cause body image distortion. This study aimed to examine the association between body image distortion and smartphone dependency and the duration of smartphone usage among Korean adolescents.
Methods
This study used data from the 16th Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (2020), and included 42,981 participants, who were grouped according to self-reported duration of smartphone usage and smartphone dependency, as measured by a questionnaire. Body image distortion is defined as an exaggerated subjective body image compared to the actual body image. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of body image distortion on smartphone dependency and usage time after adjusting for various factors related to body image distortion.
Results
Among the 42,981 participants, both moderate and high levels of smartphone dependency were associated with body image distortion in boys (moderate: adjusted OR [aOR], 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01–1.22; high: aOR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.05–1.32) and girls (moderate: aOR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05–1.23; high: aOR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.18–1.42) compared to the low-level dependency group. However, no significant association was found between smartphone usage duration and body image distortion.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that moderate to high levels of smartphone dependency are associated with body image distortion in adolescents. Therefore, it is necessary to establish strategies for checking and managing adolescents’ smartphone dependence.

Citations

• Excessive smartphone use, smartphone dependency and body image distortion in Korean adolescents
  Young Gyu Cho
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2025; 46(2): 58.     CrossRef
• Social Media Use and Body Image Dissatisfaction Among University Students of Health Sciences in Saudi Arabia
  Ihdaa J Abdulwahab, Jumana H Khouja, Noha A Alzahrani, Amina Bargawi
  Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

Background
Noncombustible nicotine or tobacco product (NNTP) use, and cigarette smoking are associated with a high likelihood of unhealthy weight control behaviors (UWCBs) among adolescents. However, no study has addressed the differences in UWCBs among non-users, single users of combustible cigarettes (CCs) or NNTPs and dual users. This study compared the frequencies of weight control behaviors according to the status of CC and NNTP use among Korean adolescents.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study of 25,094 adolescents who had attempted to reduce or maintain their body weight during the past 30 days, using data from the 15th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2019. Data on the status of CC and NNTP use, weight status, and weight control behaviors were obtained using self-report questionnaires. Subjects were categorized into four groups: non-users, cigarette-only users, NNTP-only users, and dual users.
Results
Among boys and girls, current smokers and NNTP users were 8.9%±0.3% and 5.5%±0.3%, and 4.2%±0.2% and 1.7%±0.1%, respectively. Among boys, NNTP-only users were more likely to engage in extreme weight control behaviors than non-users. Among girls, users of either CCs or NNTPs were more likely to engage in extreme weight control behaviors and less extreme weight control behaviors than non-users.
Conclusion
This study shows that users of either CCs or NNTPs are more likely to engage in UWCBs, and NNTP-only users are the most likely to do so.

Citations

• Reflecting on progress and challenges: the Korean Journal of Family Medicine in 2024
  Seung-Won Oh
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2025; 46(2): 55.     CrossRef
• The Interconnected Nature of Smoking, Depression, and Obesity in Behavioral Medicine
  Joung Sik Son
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2024; 45(4): 181.     CrossRef

Background
Prevention and management of metabolic syndrome (MetS) during childhood are crucial. Recently, obesity among children and adolescents has increased with an increase in mothers’ working hours. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between mothers’ working hours and MetS in their children.
Methods
Data from the 2016–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used, and 2,598 children and adolescents aged 10–18 years were included. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to confirm the association between MetS and mothers’ working hours for each risk factor. Linear regression analysis was conducted to confirm the association between mothers’ working hours and the number of risk factors for MetS.
Results
Abdominal obesity in children was higher when the mothers’ working hours were 53 hours or more (odds ratio [OR], 2.267; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–4.25). In the trend analysis, the OR of children’s abdominal obesity increased significantly as mothers’ working hours increased (P-value <0.05). Additionally, sex-stratified analysis revealed a significant trend between maternal work hours and the presence of MetS in female children (P=0.016). The adjusted OR of the presence of MetS in female children with mothers working 53 hours or more weekly was 6.065 (95% CI, 1.954–18.822).
Conclusion
Mothers’ working hours were highly correlated with the risk of abdominal obesity in their children. The OR of the presence of MetS significantly increased in female children with mothers having longer working hours compared with those with stay-at-home mothers.

Citations

• No, either or both parents with metabolic syndrome: comparative study of its impact on sons and daughters
  Jun-Hong Park, Min Hyung Cho, Hae Sang Lee, Young Suk Shim
  Frontiers in Endocrinology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef

Background
This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators of iron and folic acid supplementation and deworming programs among school-going adolescents.
Methods
A mixed-method observational study was conducted among adolescents in the 8th to 10th standards and their teachers across four schools in Deoghar, Jharkhand, India, using simple random sampling. The study included a questionnaire on socio-demographics, knowledge (34 items) (α=0.894), attitudes (2 items) (α=0.711) toward iron deficiency anemia, awareness of the Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation (WIFS) program and deworming (20 items) (α=0.783), and practices related to iron folic acid supplementation (IFS) and deworming, along with qualitative components. Data were analyzed using jamovi.
Results
Compliance rates for IFS and deworming were 27.5% and 67.9%, respectively. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that sex, religion, caste, father’s educational status, per capita monthly family income (PCMI), diet type, adequate knowledge, and positive attitude toward anemia influenced IFS compliance. Religion, PCMI, and prior information on the importance of deworming facilitate compliance. Implementation barriers included irregular medication supply and a lack of student awareness.
Conclusion
Periodic evaluation, regular sensitization, and a consistent drug supply are necessary to effectively implement WIFS and deworming programs in the study area.

Citations

• Reflecting on progress and challenges: the Korean Journal of Family Medicine in 2024
  Seung-Won Oh
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2025; 46(2): 55.     CrossRef
• Health Education and Promotion Interventions to Mitigate Geophagic Practise: A Scoping Review
  Mohora Feida Malebatja, Moreoagae Bertha Randa, Mathildah Mpata Mokgatle, Oluwafemi Omoniyi Oguntibeju
  Public Health Reviews.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef

Background
Physical activity (PA) is associated with a favorable metabolic risk profile in adults. However, its role in adolescents remains unclear. In this study, using data (2019–2021) from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we investigated the optimal exercise type for preventing metabolic complications in adolescents.
Methods
A total of 1,222 eligible adolescent participants (12–18-year-old) were divided into four groups as follows: aerobic exercise (AE), resistance exercise (RE), combined aerobic and resistance exercise (CE), and no exercise (NE). Daily PA was assessed using the international PA questionnaire. Blood samples were collected to measure lipid, glucose, and insulin levels. Additionally, the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) indices were measured. Multivariate regression analysis was used to compare the metabolic risk factors across the PA groups before and after propensity score matching (PSM) adjustment for confounding variables.
Results
The CE group exhibited improved fasting glucose levels, lower TyG index, reduced white blood cell count, and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels than the NE group. The RE group exhibited lower mean blood pressure, triglyceride, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, TyG index and a reduced risk of metabolic syndrome than the NE group. The AE group had higher total and HDL cholesterol levels. In detailed comparison of the AE and RE groups, the RE group consistently exhibited favorable metabolic parameters, including lower blood pressure and total and low-density cholesterol levels, which persisted after PSM.
Conclusion
These findings highlight the positive effects of PA on cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents. Thus, RE may have a more favorable metabolic effect than AE. Further studies are needed to validate the benefits of exercise according to the exercise type.

Citations

• Reflecting on progress and challenges: the Korean Journal of Family Medicine in 2024
  Seung-Won Oh
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2025; 46(2): 55.     CrossRef

Background
Although Indonesia has a considerable proportion of adolescent smokers, nationally representative studies of its determinants remain limited. The 2015 Indonesian Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) was conducted with school-age adolescents and provided information about smoking behavior. This study aimed to examine the prevalence, determinants, and correlates of tobacco use among adolescents in Indonesia using the GSHS survey.
Methods
A secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2015 Indonesian GSHS. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the determinants and correlates of tobacco use.
Results
Our analysis showed that 9.1% of school-age adolescents had used tobacco products in the past 30 days. Most were 13–15 years (61.7%) and had attempted to stop smoking (92.4%). After adjusting for covariates, significant risk factors associated with tobacco smoking were older age groups (prevalence odds ratio [POR], 3.01–9.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71–23.1), male (POR, 13.7; 95% CI, 8.71–21.5), psychological distress (POR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.05–1.90), smoking exposure (POR, 1.98–2.15; 95% CI, 1.35–3.42), and when both parents smoked (POR, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.78–4.94). In addition, tobacco use was associated with other risky behaviors, including sex with multiple partners, using drugs, drinking alcohol, and being involved in physical fights.
Conclusion
Tobacco use is high among Indonesian adolescents. This prevalence highlights the need for a more stringent tobacco control policy and tailored cessation programs for adolescents by considering important modifiable determinants of tobacco use among adolescents, including risky smoking-related behaviors.

Citations

• Associação entre consumo de álcool, tabagismo e atividade física em adolescentes escolares sul-americanos
  José Ywgne, André Oliveira Werneck, Bruno Bizzozero-Peroni, Diego Giulliano Destro Christófaro, Fernanda Castro Monteiro, Ingrid Kelly Alves dos Santos Pinheiro, Kabir Prem Sadarangani, Rafael Miranda Tassitano, Danilo Rodrigues Pereira da Silva
  Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde.2025; 29: 1.     CrossRef
• Predictor of smoking cessation among school-going adolescents in Indonesia: a secondary analysis based on the transtheoretical model of behavioral change
  Omid Dadras
  Frontiers in Psychiatry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Pharmacotherapy guidelines for smoking cessation in primary healthcare clinics
  Cheol Min Lee, Yu Jin Paek, Yoo Bin Seo, Eon Sook Lee
  Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2024; 67(4): 230.     CrossRef
• Exploring Behavioral and Pharmacological Interventions against Excessive Tobacco Use
  Dalmacito A. Cordero
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2024; 45(4): 231.     CrossRef

Background
Physical activity is known to prevent several diseases and positively affect mental health. Previous studies have shown that smartphone addiction negatively affects the physical activity of children and adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between problematic smartphone use and physical activity among adolescents and the related factors using path analysis.
Methods
Using data from the 16th Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey from 2020, scores on the Smartphone Addiction Scale—Short Version for Adolescents, physical activity, sex, socioeconomic status (SES), academic performance, depression, smoking, drinking, and sitting time were assessed. Complex sampling and path analyses were performed.
Results
Of the total 54,948 students, 25.5% were smartphone risk users, including potential and high-risk users. The direct path coefficients of each factor indicated that female sex (-0.14 for male), low SES (-0.062), high academic performance (0.056), low sitting time for studying purposes (-0.033), high sitting time for non-studying purposes (0.071), and depressive mood (0.130) were related to problematic smartphone use (all P<0.001). Each factor affected problematic smartphone use, and subsequently had a negative effect on the amount of physical activity, with a direct path coefficient of -0.115 (P<0.001).
Conclusion
In this study, we confirmed that problematic smartphone use among adolescents was negatively associated with performing an adequate amount of physical activity and that various factors, such as sex, SES, academic performance, and sitting time, directly and indirectly affected this relationship.

Citations

• Global trends in importance of 24-hour movement behaviors to pediatric health: implications for South Korea
  Eun-Young Lee, Reyana Jayawardena, Seiyeong Park, Justin Y Jeon, Yeon-Soo Kim, Mark S. Tremblay
  Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics.2025; 68(1): 16.     CrossRef
• The Association between Problematic Smartphone Use and Mental Health in Austrian Adolescents and Young Adults
  Doris Mayerhofer, Katja Haider, Manuela Amon, Afsaneh Gächter, Teresa O’Rourke, Rachel Dale, Elke Humer, Thomas Probst, Christoph Pieh
  Healthcare.2024; 12(6): 600.     CrossRef
• 2023 Obesity Fact Sheet: Prevalence of Obesity and Abdominal Obesity in Adults, Adolescents, and Children in Korea from 2012 to 2021
  Su-Min Jeong, Jin-Hyung Jung, Ye Seul Yang, Wonsock Kim, In Young Cho, You-Bin Lee, Kye-Yeung Park, Ga Eun Nam, Kyungdo Han
  Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome.2024; 33(1): 27.     CrossRef
• Guidelines for physical activity counseling in primary healthcare clinics
  Yun Jun Yang
  Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2024; 67(4): 265.     CrossRef
• Collaborative Physical Activity: Innovations in Primary Health Care and Educational Sector
  Fides A. del Castillo
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2024; 45(3): 178.     CrossRef
• How is parental psychological control associated with adolescent mental health in economically disadvantaged areas? The serial mediating role of psychological reactance and problematic smartphone use
  Qiangqiang Li, Shuwen Wei, Zixiao Liu
  Frontiers in Psychiatry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Depression, anxiety, and stress in the Chilean Educational System: children and adolescents post-pandemic prevalence and variables
  Jonathan Martínez-Líbano, María-Mercedes Yeomans-Cabrera
  Frontiers in Education.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Does Excessive Smartphone Use Reduce Physical Activity in Adolescents?
  Soo Young Kim
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2023; 44(5): 247.     CrossRef

Clival chordoma is a rare malignant tumor of the brain that typically occurs in older adults. It has a high local recurrence rate and is hence associated with poor prognosis. Here, we report a case of an adolescent who presented with a 1-month history of worsening headache and blurring of vision, as well as a 6-month history of left-sided facial and body numbness. Clinical findings were consistent with left upper motor neuron lesion of the seventh cranial nerve with involvement of the fifth cranial nerve. He was also found to have a sixth cranial nerve palsy demonstrated by diplopia upon lateral gaze with no evidence of papilledema. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain suggested clival chordoma. He was subsequently referred to the neurosurgical team, and he successfully underwent an endoscopic trans-sphenoidal surgery to excise the lesion. He recovered well, continued his follow-ups with the neurosurgical team, and showed good progress. He also attended regular follow-ups with his primary care physician to ensure ongoing psychosocial support and monitoring of his overall health status. This case demonstrates the importance of prompt identification and treatment of clival chordoma in an adolescent. Long-term follow-ups and shared care between primary and secondary care physicians are essential to monitor recurrence of tumor and to provide psychosocial support.

Citations

• Fungal skull base lesion masquerading as malignancy: a diagnostic dilemma. Illustrative case report
  Kodeeswaran M, S. Muthuchitra, Noorul Hidhaya S, Vishaal P, P.B. Janakiraman, Tamilarasan P, K.P. Priyadharshan, Jamila Alagarsamy, Gaurav R. Dhoka, Bipin Chaurasia
  Annals of Medicine & Surgery.2025; 87(2): 929.     CrossRef
• Diagnosis and management of a rare case of clival chordoma in a young male patient
  Federica Masino, Manuela Montatore, Marina Balbino, Giuseppe Maria Andrea D'Arma, Gianmichele Muscatella, Rossella Gifuni, Giuseppe Guglielmi
  Radiology Case Reports.2024; 19(9): 3683.     CrossRef
• A Case Report of Chordoma Presenting as a Sphenoid Sinus Mass: A Diagnostic Challenge
  Sushma Bharti, Jyotsna Naresh Bharti
  Current Medical Imaging Reviews.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef

Background
Obesity in adolescence can continue up to adulthood and lead to various complications. There has been a continuous increase in the obesity incidence among adolescents, which is an emerging social issue. Studies have reported that decreased sleep duration in adolescents can have negative effects on health, leading to obesity. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and body mass index among South Korean middle and high school students aged 12–18 years.
Methods
The participants of the Sixth National Health and Nutrition Survey conducted during 2013–2015 were screened. We selected 1,177 adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years who were enrolled in middle and high school or on leave of absence and had available data for sleep duration and body mass index (BMI) in the survey. Analyses of variance and covariance were performed after adjusting for confounding variables, including age, gender, waist circumference, and drinking experience, that showed significant correlations in univariate logistic regression.
Results
The analysis of covariance revealed that an increase in sleep duration led to a corresponding decrease in the mean BMI among all students and middle school students.
Conclusion
Significant negative correlations were confirmed between sleep duration and BMI in all students and middle school students.

Citations

• Current status of health promotion in Korea
  Soo Young Kim
  Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2022; 65(12): 776.     CrossRef

Background
Smartphone usage is indispensably beneficial to people’s everyday lives. However, excessive smartphone usage has been associated with physical and mental health problems. This study aimed to evaluate the association of smartphone usage with depressive symptoms, suicidal thoughts, and suicide attempts in Korean adolescents.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 54,603 Korean adolescent participants (26,930 male and 27,673 female) in the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey in 2017 who reported their smartphone use. We performed multiple logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association of smartphone use with mental health after adjusting for relevant covariates.
Results
Among the participants, 25.6% of male students and 38.4% of female students reported using their smartphone for at least 30 hours per week. As time duration of smartphone usage increased, the risk of experiencing depressive symptoms, suicidal thoughts, and suicide attempt tended to increase, with odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of 1.18 (1.10–1.26), 1.18 (1.08–1.29), and 1.34 (1.11–1.60), respectively, for high smartphone usage compared with low smartphone usage. These associations remained significant with only slight change in odds ratios after consideration of problems that may be caused by smartphone usage, such as conflicts with family members or peers, or disturbance in school work.
Conclusion
Smartphone overuse was independently associated with an increased risk of mental health problems, which did not seem to be mediated by the problems caused by smartphone usage.

Citations

• Factors Influencing Suicidal Ideation in Female Adolescents With Smartphone Overdependence
  Hyeongyeong Yoon
  Journal of Pediatric Health Care.2025; 39(2): 225.     CrossRef
• Excessive smartphone use, smartphone dependency and body image distortion in Korean adolescents
  Young Gyu Cho
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2025; 46(2): 58.     CrossRef
• Longitudinal Associations of Perceived Media Parenting with Adolescent Mental Health: Mediation by Social Efficacy and Online Risk
  Jennifer L. Doty, Xiaoqi Ma, Joy Gabrielli, Beatrice Fenelon Pierre, Tyler S. Nesbit, Liva G. LaMontagne, Cathleen R. Rabideau
  Journal of Child and Family Studies.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• COVID-19 lockdown related stress among young adults: The role of drug use disorder, neurotic health symptoms, and pathological smartphone use
  Groupson-Paul Okechukwu, Macpherson Uchenna Nnam, Clement E Obadimu, David O. Iloma, Peter Offu, Fidelis Okpata, Emmanuel Ugochukwu Nwakanma
  Journal of Forensic Psychology Research and Practice.2024; 24(2): 192.     CrossRef
• How does smartphone addiction affect the lives of adolescents socially and academically?: a systematic review study
  Sinem Cilligol Karabey, Abdulkadir Palanci, Zeynep Turan
  Psychology, Health & Medicine.2024; 29(3): 631.     CrossRef
• Shifting Mindsets; A Critical Commentary on Child Protection and Welfare, Disability, and Online Risk Through Critical Literature Review
  Rose Doolan Maher, Susan Flynn, Julie Byrne
  Child Care in Practice.2024; 30(1): 38.     CrossRef
• Latent class analysis of health behaviors, anxiety, and suicidal behaviors among Korean adolescents
  Mi-Sun Lee, Hooyeon Lee
  Journal of Affective Disorders.2024; 354: 339.     CrossRef
• Association between smartphone overdependence and mental health in South Korean adolescents: a secondary data analysis
  Hyeseon Yun, Eun Kyoung Choi
  Child Health Nursing Research.2024; 30(2): 87.     CrossRef
• Problematic Smartphone Use and Its Impact on the Psychology of Adolescents in Malaysia
  Hazwanim Hashim, Hizlinda Tohid, Teh Rohaila Jamil, Nik Ruzyanei Nik Jaafar, Shamsul Azhar Shah
  Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities.2023; 31(2): 505.     CrossRef
• Increased psychological distress among young people before and during the fifth wave of COVID-19 after two years of pandemic in Hong Kong: a 6-month longitudinal study
  Stephanie MY Wong, Eric YH Chen, YN Suen, Winky Ho, Sherry KW Chan, Edwin HM Lee, KT Chan, Simon SY Lui, Michael TH Wong, Christy LM Hui
  BMC Psychiatry.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Does Excessive Smartphone Use Reduce Physical Activity in Adolescents?
  Soo Young Kim
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2023; 44(5): 247.     CrossRef
• Problematic Smartphone Use and Its Relationship With Anxiety and Suicidal Ideation Among South Korean Adolescents
  Mi-Sun Lee, Hooyeon Lee
  Psychiatry Investigation.2023; 20(9): 843.     CrossRef
• Smartphone addiction and perceived pain among nursing students: a cross-sectional study
  Kamuran Özdil, Aslıhan Çatıker, Gizem Deniz Bulucu Büyüksoy
  Psychology, Health & Medicine.2022; 27(10): 2246.     CrossRef
• Cortical surface variation in individuals with excessive smartphone use
  Dusan Hirjak, Gudrun M. Henemann, Mike M. Schmitgen, Larissa Götz, Nadine D. Wolf, Katharina M. Kubera, Fabio Sambataro, Tagrid Leménager, Julian Koenig, Robert Christian Wolf
  Developmental Neurobiology.2022; 82(4): 277.     CrossRef
• Association of Smartphone Use With Body Image Distortion and Weight Loss Behaviors in Korean Adolescents
  Sohyeon Kwon, Rockli Kim, Jong-Tae Lee, Jinho Kim, Sunmi Song, Seongcheol Kim, Hannah Oh
  JAMA Network Open.2022; 5(5): e2213237.     CrossRef
• Impact of Digital Literacy and Problematic Smartphone Use on Life Satisfaction: Comparing Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic
  Busra Taskin, Chiho Ok
  European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education.2022; 12(9): 1311.     CrossRef
• Combined Effects of Smartphone Overdependence and Stress on Depression and Suicide-Related Behaviors among High School Students
  Hyesun Kim
  Healthcare.2022; 10(9): 1671.     CrossRef
• Smartphone Usage before and during COVID-19: A Comparative Study Based on Objective Recording of Usage Data
  Khansa Chemnad, Sameha Alshakhsi, Mohamed Basel Almourad, Majid Altuwairiqi, Keith Phalp, Raian Ali
  Informatics.2022; 9(4): 98.     CrossRef
• Excessive Smartphone Use Is Associated With Health Problems in Adolescents and Young Adults
  Yehuda Wacks, Aviv M. Weinstein
  Frontiers in Psychiatry.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Fatores relacionados à dependência do smartphone em adolescentes de uma região do Nordeste brasileiro
  Paula Pessoa de Brito Nunes, Ana Paula Vasconcellos Abdon, Claudiana Batista de Brito, Francisco Valter Miranda Silva, Ionara Conceição Araújo Santos, Daniele de Queiroz Martins, Phelipe Maia Fonseca Meira, Mirna Albuquerque Frota
  Ciência & Saúde Coletiva.2021; 26(7): 2749.     CrossRef
• Excessive and Problematic Smartphone Use and Poor Mental Health in Adolescents
  Young Gyu Cho
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2020; 41(2): 73.     CrossRef

Background
The need for client feedback in assessing healthcare services is widely recognized. However, little is known about the satisfaction of adolescent clients utilizing healthcare services in Malaysia. To the best of our knowledge, there is no validated instrument to measure the satisfaction of adolescent clients attending health clinics in Malaysia. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the reliability of the Malay version of the Malaysian Ministry of Health’s Adolescent Client Satisfaction Questionnaire among adolescents attending health clinics in northeastern Malaysia.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in January 2019 among adolescents aged 10–19 years attending four designated health clinics in the northeastern state of Peninsular Malaysia. The test for Cronbach’s α was performed to determine the internal consistency reliability.
Results
There were a total of 85 adolescent clients involved in this study. The mean age of respondents was 15.6 years. The majority of respondents were female, Malay, students, and had attained a secondary level of education. The mean total satisfaction score was 78.35. The internal consistency reliability according to the Cronbach’s α of the domain was 0.854, which is considered highly reliable. The corrected item-total correlation for the domain was acceptable as it was ≥0.4.
Conclusion
The Malay version of the Malaysian Ministry of Health’s Adolescent Client Satisfaction Questionnaire has excellent internal consistency reliability. Therefore, it may be recommended as a tool to measure the satisfaction level among adolescents attending health clinics in Malaysia.

Citations

• “Aren’t They Supposed to Be Healthy?”: A Qualitative Exploration of Healthcare Providers on Adolescent Health Services in Malaysia
  Hafizuddin Awang, Azriani Ab Rahman, Surianti Sukeri, Noran Hashim, Nik Rubiah Nik Abdul Rashid
  Child & Youth Services.2022; 43(3): 237.     CrossRef

Background
The rising prevalence of alternative tobacco and nicotine products (ATNPs) use among adolescents is a global concern that has been attributed to the reemergence of preexisting alternative tobacco products and emergence of new ones in the market. This study examined ATNP use among late adolescents. The association between ATNP use and reasons for using them was explored.
Methods
This cross-sectional study conducted in 2016 involving 388 late adolescents from six government colleges in Kelantan, Malaysia, aged 18 to 19 years. They were requested to answer self-directed questionnaires with items on sociodemographic information and types of ATNP used. Other variables obtained include the environmental influence and reasons for using the products. Regression analyses between the dependent and independent variables were conducted using IBM SPSS ver. 20.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).
Results
The prevalence of ATNP use among late adolescents was 14.4%. The male sex, cigarette smoking status, and peer use were significantly associated with ATNP use. Several reasons for use were not significantly associated with ATNP use: perception of ATNP being less harmful and less addictive compared with cigarettes, curiosity, less expensive than cigarettes, to aid smoking cessation, and pleasurable flavors and taste.
Conclusion
The prevalence of ATNP use among late adolescents studying in government colleges in Kelantan is significant. There is higher perception on ATNP being less harmful and addictive than the conventional cigarette among the users compared with non-users. Significant associations are seen for the male sex, peer use, and concurrent cigarette smoking.

Citations

• Prevalence and Associated Factors Related to Tobacco Consumption Among University Students in Malaysia
  Chui Yi Chow, Md Zobaer Hasan, Anton Abdulbasah Kamil
  Health Psychology Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing the Use of Tobacco Among Youth in Low-Income, Lower-Middle-Income, and Upper-Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review
  Fahad Ali Mangrio, Penpaktr Uthis, Suwimon Rojnawee
  Journal of Research in Health Sciences.2024; 24(3): e00617.     CrossRef
• Prevalence and Associated Factors of E-Cigarette Use among Adolescents in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review
  Miaw Yn Jane Ling, Ahmad Farid Nazmi Abdul Halim, Dzulfitree Ahmad, Norfazilah Ahmad, Nazarudin Safian, Azmawati Mohammed Nawi
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(5): 3883.     CrossRef
• Factors of e-cigarette use among Malaysian adolescents: A systematic review
  Vitalis Ronald Eden, Mohd Shahimi Mustapha, Saravanan Jaganathan, Hafiz Jaafar
  Journal of Health Science Research.2023; 9: 7.     CrossRef
• The Impact of Heated Tobacco Products on Smoking Cessation, Tobacco Use, and Tobacco Sales in South Korea
  Cheol Min Lee
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2020; 41(5): 273.     CrossRef

Background
Electronic cigarette (EC) consumption (‘vaping’) is rapidly increasing, not only in adults but also in adolescents. Little is known about the association between vaping and problem behaviors such as drinking.
Methods
We used data from the 11th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, which was conducted in 2015 and included 68,043 participants who were Korean middle and high school students. The survey assessed EC, cigarette, and alcohol use. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine risk of current drinking and problem drinking across the following categories of users: never user (never used either product), former user (use of EC or cigarettes in the past, but not currently), vaping only, smoking only, and dual user (current use of both products).
Results
EC only users were 1.2% in males, and 0.3% in females. Dual user of both conventional cigarettes and ECs were 5.1% in males, and 1.2% in females. Drinking frequency, drinking quantity per once, and problem drinking were higher among vapers than non-vapers and former-vapers, moreover, were higher among daily vapers than intermittent vapers. Compared to never users, EC only users were higher on risk of current drink and problem drink. The dual users were highest on risk of current drink.
Conclusion
Vaping is independently associated with alcohol use problems in Korean students, even those not currently smoking. Moreover, dual use of cigarettes and ECs is strongly associated with alcohol use problems. Therefore, vaping students should be concerned about their hidden alcohol use problems.

Citations

• Changes in health behaviors and obesity of Korean adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a special report using the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey
  Chang-Mo Oh, Yangha Kim, Jieun Yang, Sunhye Choi, Kyungwon Oh
  Epidemiology and Health.2023; 45: e2023018.     CrossRef
• Addiction-Related Outcomes of Nicotine and Alcohol Co-use: New Insights Following the Rise in Vaping
  Jude A Frie, Caitlin J Nolan, Jennifer E Murray, Jibran Y Khokhar
  Nicotine & Tobacco Research.2022; 24(8): 1141.     CrossRef
• Vaping
  Chelsey DeGomez, Jennifer Feirstein
  JAAPA.2022; 35(9): 25.     CrossRef
• Comparison of Tobacco Use and Cessation Behavior between Conventional Cigarette and Heated Tobacco Product Users: Based on the Analyses of the Eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019
  Hyeree Yu, Cheol Min Lee
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2022; 43(5): 296.     CrossRef
• Prevalence of Vaping and Behavioral Associations of Vaping Among a Community of College Students in the United States
  Ogbebor E. Omoike, Kiana R. Johnson
  Journal of Community Health.2021; 46(1): 190.     CrossRef
• Use of Single, Dual, and Poly Tobacco Products in Korean Adolescents
  Min Kwon, Sophia J. Chung, Jinhwa Lee
  Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health.2021; 33(5): 571.     CrossRef
• Association between preference for using alcohol beverage-named e-liquids and alcohol use among high school youth
  Asti Jackson, Ran Wu, Grace Kong, Deepa R. Camenga, Meghan Morean, Patricia Simon, Krysten W. Bold, Angela M. Haeny, Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin
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  Lisa Chudomelka, Todd A. Wyatt
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  Ava N. Rothrock, Halle Andris, Sarah B. Swetland, Valeria Chavez, Shira Isaak, Maria Pagane, Jake Romney, Steven G. Rothrock
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  Eon Sook Lee, Yu Jin Paek
  Journal of the Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.2020; 11(2): 64.     CrossRef
• Electronic and Conventional Cigarette Use and Drinking Behaviors in Korean Adolescents
  Young Gyu Cho
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2019; 40(4): 201.     CrossRef

Background
This study aimed to investigate the association between physical fitness and cardiometabolic health of Korean children and adolescents.
Methods
In total, 168 participants (89 boys and 79 girls) aged 10–16 years were recruited for the Intervention for Childhood and Adolescent Obesity via Activity and Nutrition Study in 2016. The subjects were categorized into two groups using the definition of metabolic syndrome by the International Diabetes Federation: metabolically unhealthy (with at least two of the five criteria) and healthy groups (with less than one criterion). Correlation analysis of the participants’ general characteristics was performed. Odds ratios (ORs) of physical fitness for cardiometabolic risk were evaluated via logistic regression.
Results
Metabolically unhealthy children showed greater weight, height, and body mass index, higher Children’s Depression Inventory score, and longer screen time than did the metabolically healthy children. Metabolically healthy children showed greater upper and lower extremity muscular strength than did the metabolically unhealthy children (P=0.04 and P<0.001, respectively). In the multiple logistic regression analysis, lower extremity muscle strength was inversely related to the clustered cardiometabolic risk of the children and adolescents with or without adjustment for confounders (OR, 4.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.87–9.97; OR, 7.64; 95% CI, 1.55– 37.74, respectively).
Conclusion
Physical fitness, especially lower extremity muscle strength, is significantly inversely associated with individual and clustered cardiometabolic risks in Korean children and adolescents.

Citations

• Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity, Fitness and Indicators of Cardiometabolic Risk among Rural Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study at 15-Year Follow-up of the MINIMat Cohort
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  Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health.2024; 14(3): 987.     CrossRef
• Metabolic syndrome and its association with physical activity in Sudanese early adolescents – Khartoum state, Sudan: An observational study
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• Effect of a physical exercise program supported by wearable technology in children with drug-resistant epilepsy. A randomized controlled trial
  Salvador Ibañez-Micó, Rosa Gil-Aparicio, Antonia Gómez-Conesa
  Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy.2024; 121: 56.     CrossRef
• Correlation of anthropometric characteristics and movement behavior with lower extremity muscle power and dynamic knee valgus in adolescent basketball athletes
  Aleksandar STOJILJKOVIC, Eleni KARAGIANNI, Antoniou VARSAMO, Ladislav BATALIK, Garyfallia PEPERA
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• Analysis of gross motoric analysis of elementary school students: A comparative study of students in hill and coastal areas
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Background
To aim of this study was to examine the association between perceived possibility of purchasing cigarettes and e-cigarette experience among adolescents who currently smoke cigarettes.
Methods
Data were derived from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey; a total of 29,169 current smokers participated. The dependent variable was e-cigarette experience in the previous month. Analyses included χ² test and survey logistic regression.
Results
A perceived easy possibility of purchasing cigarettes increased the odds of e-cigarette experience (odds ratio, 1.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–1.33) compared to when it was perceived as impossible. An easy possibility of purchasing cigarettes increased the odds of e-cigarettes experience among males aged 12–15 or 17 years compared to when it was impossible to purchase cigarettes.
Conclusion
A perceived easy possibility of purchasing cigarettes was more likely to increase e-cigarette experience among adolescents. Laws restricting adolescents’ access to e-cigarettes must be strengthened.

Citations

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• Risk Behaviors among Youths in a Two-Aspect Approach: Using Psychoactive Substances and Problematic Using of Internet
  Łukasz Tomczyk, Arkadiusz Wąsiński
  Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse.2020; 29(1): 27.     CrossRef
• Internet addiction among adolescents in Macau and mainland China: prevalence, demographics and quality of life
  Dan-Dan Xu, Ka-In Lok, Huan-Zhong Liu, Xiao-Lan Cao, Feng-Rong An, Brian J. Hall, Gabor S. Ungvari, Si-Man Lei, Yu-Tao Xiang
  Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Internet Addiction and Related Clinical Problems: A Study on Italian Young Adults
  Lorenzo Zamboni, Igor Portoghese, Alessio Congiu, Silvia Carli, Ruggero Munari, Angela Federico, Francesco Centoni, Adelelmo Lodi Rizzini, Fabio Lugoboni
  Frontiers in Psychology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Interaction Between Smoking and Internet Gaming Disorder on Spontaneous Brain Activity
  Xianxin Qiu, Xu Han, Yao Wang, Weina Ding, Yawen Sun, Yan Zhou, Hao Lei, Fuchun Lin
  Frontiers in Psychiatry.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Association of Internet Addiction with Adolescents’ Lifestyle: A National School-Based Survey
  Chan Ying Ying, S Maria Awaluddin, Lim Kuang Kuay, Cheong Siew Man, Azli Baharudin, Ling Miaw Yn, Norhafizah Sahril, Mohd Azahadi Omar, Noor Ani Ahmad, Normala Ibrahim
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 18(1): 168.     CrossRef
• Relationship between problematic Internet use and age at initial weekly Internet use
  Hideki Nakayama, Fumihiko Ueno, Satoko Mihara, Takashi Kitayuguchi, Susumu Higuchi
  Journal of Behavioral Addictions.2020; 9(1): 129.     CrossRef
• Predictors of problematic Internet use in school going adolescents of Bhavnagar, India
  Sneha B Vadher, Bharat N Panchal, Ashok U Vala, Imran J Ratnani, Kinjal J Vasava, Rishi S Desai, Aayushi H Shah
  International Journal of Social Psychiatry.2019; 65(2): 151.     CrossRef
• Association of the Use of a Heated Tobacco Product with Perceived Stress, Physical Activity, and Internet Use in Korean Adolescents: A 2018 National Survey
  Ahnna Lee, Kang-Sook Lee, Hanul Park
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2019; 16(6): 965.     CrossRef
• Internet Addiction among Indonesia University Students: Musculoskeletal Symptoms, Physical and Psychosocial Behavior Problems
  G B Pratama, A Widyanti
  IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering.2019; 528(1): 012015.     CrossRef
• Clinical-pathopsychological and psychodiagnostic specifics of comorbid adaptation disorders in people with computer addiction
  Yu. Starodubtseva
  Медицина сьогодні і завтра.2019; 85(4): 101.     CrossRef
• Avoidant romantic attachment in adolescence: Gender, excessive internet use and romantic relationship engagement effects
  Vasileios Stavropoulos, Stefanos Mastrotheodoros, Tyrone L. Burleigh, Nicole Papadopoulos, Rapson Gomez, Leora Trub
  PLOS ONE.2018; 13(7): e0201176.     CrossRef
• An Investigation on the Digital Addiction of the Students of Faculty of Sports of Kocaeli University
  Elif Karagün, Zekiye Dilay Ekiz, Müge Sarper Kahveci, E. Masal, I. Önder, H. Çalişkan, S. Beşoluk
  SHS Web of Conferences.2018; 48: 01057.     CrossRef
• Metaphors Used by the Students at Kocaeli University Sports Sciences Faculty Regarding E-sports Concept
  Elif Karagün, Müge Sarper Kahveci, Inanc Kahveci, Zekiye Dilay Ekiz, E. Masal, I. Önder, H. Çalişkan, S. Beşoluk
  SHS Web of Conferences.2018; 48: 01058.     CrossRef
• What Protects Adolescents with Youth Subculture Affiliation from Excessive Internet Use?
  Daniela Filakovska Bobakova, Jana Holubcikova, Andrea Madarasova Geckova, Zuzana Dankulincova Veselska
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2018; 15(11): 2451.     CrossRef
• The impact of online social networking on adolescent psychological well-being (WB): a population-level analysis of Korean school-aged children
  Harris Hyun-soo Kim
  International Journal of Adolescence and Youth.2017; 22(3): 364.     CrossRef
• Internet Addiction in adolescence: Neurobiological, psychosocial and clinical issues
  L. Cerniglia, F. Zoratto, S. Cimino, G. Laviola, M. Ammaniti, W. Adriani
  Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.2017; 76: 174.     CrossRef
• Difference in the functional connectivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex between smokers with nicotine dependence and individuals with internet gaming disorder
  Xin Ge, Yawen Sun, Xu Han, Yao Wang, Weina Ding, Mengqiu Cao, Yasong Du, Jianrong Xu, Yan Zhou
  BMC Neuroscience.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Stress vulnerability in male youth with Internet Gaming Disorder
  Michael Kaess, Peter Parzer, Laura Mehl, Luisa Weil, Esther Strittmatter, Franz Resch, Julian Koenig
  Psychoneuroendocrinology.2017; 77: 244.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Adolescents’ Internet Addiction on Smartphone Addiction
  Dijle Ayar, Murat Bektas, Ilknur Bektas, Asli Akdeniz Kudubes, Yasemin Selekoglu Ok, Sema Sal Altan, Isa Celik
  Journal of Addictions Nursing.2017; 28(4): 210.     CrossRef
• Sensation Seeking and Online Gaming Addiction in Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model of Positive Affective Associations and Impulsivity
  Jianping Hu, Shuangju Zhen, Chengfu Yu, Qiuyan Zhang, Wei Zhang
  Frontiers in Psychology.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The association between alcohol use and problematic internet use: A large-scale nationwide cross-sectional study of adolescents in Japan
  Hisayoshi Morioka, Osamu Itani, Yoneatsu Osaki, Susumu Higuchi, Maki Jike, Yoshitaka Kaneita, Hideyuki Kanda, Sachi Nakagome, Takashi Ohida
  Journal of Epidemiology.2017; 27(3): 107.     CrossRef
• Cross‐sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies of Internet gaming disorder: A systematic review of the literature
  Satoko Mihara, Susumu Higuchi
  Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences.2017; 71(7): 425.     CrossRef
• Computer-Based Prevention and Intervention to Reduce Substance Use in Youth
  Steven Schinke, Traci Marie Schwinn
  Current Addiction Reports.2017; 4(4): 410.     CrossRef
• Parent Programs for Reducing Adolescent’s Antisocial Behavior and Substance Use: A Randomized Controlled Trial
  Camilla Jalling, Maria Bodin, Anders Romelsjö, Håkan Källmén, Natalie Durbeej, Anders Tengström
  Journal of Child and Family Studies.2016; 25(3): 811.     CrossRef
• Smoking Cessation Failure Among Korean Adolescents
  Sung Reul Kim, Hyun Kyung Kim, Ji Young Kim, Hye Young Kim, Sung Hee Ko, Minyoung Park
  The Journal of School Nursing.2016; 32(3): 155.     CrossRef
• Frequent Internet Pornography Use: Korean Adolescents' Internet Use Time, Mental Health, Sexual Behavior, and Delinquency
  Eunsuk Cho
  International Journal of Human Ecology.2016; 17(1): 27.     CrossRef
• The Association of Level of Internet Use with Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts in South Korean Adolescents: A Focus on Family Structure and Household Economic Status
  Seo Yoon Lee, Eun-Cheol Park, Kyu-Tae Han, Seung Ju Kim, Sung-Youn Chun, Sohee Park
  The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry.2016; 61(4): 243.     CrossRef
• Internet use and electronic gaming by children and adolescents with emotional and behavioural problems in Australia – results from the second Child and Adolescent Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing
  Wavne Rikkers, David Lawrence, Jennifer Hafekost, Stephen R. Zubrick
  BMC Public Health.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Early Sexual Intercourse: Prospective Associations with Adolescents Physical Activity and Screen Time
  Raquel Nogueira Avelar e Silva, Anne Wijtzes, Daphne van de Bongardt, Petra van de Looij-Jansen, Rienke Bannink, Hein Raat, Sachiko Matsuzaki
  PLOS ONE.2016; 11(8): e0158648.     CrossRef
• The health belief model and number of peers with internet addiction as inter-related factors of Internet addiction among secondary school students in Hong Kong
  Yanhong Wang, Anise M. S. Wu, Joseph T. F. Lau
  BMC Public Health.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Allergic diseases, excessive Internet use and suicidal ideation in Korean adolescents
  Dongyun Lee, Ji-Yeong Seo, Cheol-Soon Lee, Chul-Soo Park, Bong-Jo Kim, Boseok Cha, So-Jin Lee
  Comprehensive Psychiatry.2015; 62: 100.     CrossRef
• Socioeconomic and Geographic Inequalities of Internet Addiction in Korean Adolescents
  Cheol-Soon Lee, Kwame McKenzie
  Psychiatry Investigation.2015; 12(4): 559.     CrossRef
• Problematic Internet Use and Its Correlates Among Students from Three Medical Schools Across Three Countries
  Yatan Pal Singh Balhara, Rishab Gupta, Olayinka Atilola, Rajna Knez, Tonka Mohorović, Wamique Gajdhar, Ahmed O. Javed, Rakesh Lal
  Academic Psychiatry.2015; 39(6): 634.     CrossRef
• The difference of general characteristics, health status and health behavior of internet over users by internet use purposes among Korean adolescents
  Young-Mi Ko, Min Kyoung Lim
  Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2015; 32(5): 1.     CrossRef
• Life satisfaction and family functions as-predictors of problematic Internet use in university students
  Zekavet Kabasakal
  Computers in Human Behavior.2015; 53: 294.     CrossRef
• The relationship between parental mediation and Internet addiction among adolescents, and the association with cyberbullying and depression
  Fong-Ching Chang, Chiung-Hui Chiu, Nae-Fang Miao, Ping-Hung Chen, Ching-Mei Lee, Jeng-Tung Chiang, Ying-Chun Pan
  Comprehensive Psychiatry.2015; 57: 21.     CrossRef
• Different Resting-State Functional Connectivity Alterations in Smokers and Nonsmokers with Internet Gaming Addiction
  Xue Chen, Yao Wang, Yan Zhou, Yawen Sun, Weina Ding, Zhiguo Zhuang, Jianrong Xu, Yasong Du
  BioMed Research International.2014; 2014: 1.     CrossRef
• Prevalence of internet addiction and its association with stressful life events and psychological symptoms among adolescent internet users
  Jie Tang, Yizhen Yu, Yukai Du, Ying Ma, Dongying Zhang, Jiaji Wang
  Addictive Behaviors.2014; 39(3): 744.     CrossRef
• Internet Addiction and Health Behaviors & Mental Health among Adolescents - The 2010 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey
  Dae-Hwan Kim
  Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2013; 30(2): 1.     CrossRef

Background
Overweight in Korean adolescents has continuously increased over the past few years and it is recognized as a public health problem. We investigated the relationship between socioeconomic status and overweight in Korean adolescents. Methods: The data was obtained from the 2007 Korean Youth's Risk Behavior Web-based Study. We included adolescents aged 12 to 18 yearswho were ≥ 5th percentile of the BMI cut-off point based on the Korean child growth curve. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between socioeconomic status and overweight. Results: The adjusted odds ratios for overweight were 1.116 (95% confidence interval [CI],1.021 to 1.220), 1.390 (95% CI, 1.242 to 1.555) in girls having middle and low grade family affluence scale (FAS), respectively, compared in girls having high grade FAS (P < 0.05). However, in boys, there was no significant relationship between FAS and overweight. In both gender, perceived household economic status and parental education level were negatively related to overweight in adolescents (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Lower socioeconomic status increased the risk of overweight in Korean adolescents. Efforts to reduce socioeconomic disparities in adolescents should be initiated for overweight prevention.

Citations

• Relationships between objective and subjective socioeconomic status and physical health among adolescents in South Korea
  Sue‐Lynn Kim, Joan P. Yoo
  Asian Social Work and Policy Review.2022; 16(2): 197.     CrossRef
• Predicting South Korean adolescents vulnerable to obesity after the COVID-19 pandemic using categorical boosting and shapley additive explanation values: A population-based cross-sectional survey
  Haewon Byeon
  Frontiers in Pediatrics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Distribution of Weight Status according to Familial Socioeconomic Status in Korean Adolescents: The Twelfth Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, 2016
  Jinyoung Jang, Young Gyu Cho, Jae-Heon Kang, Hyun Ah Park, Kyoungwoo Kim, Yang-Im Hur, Ki Byeong Park
  Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2018; 18(1): 23.     CrossRef
• Factors Influencing the Health-related Quality of Life by Socioeconomic Level during Early Adolescence
  Soo Young Jun, Yeong-Suk Song
  Journal of the Korean Society of School Health.2017; 30(1): 81.     CrossRef
• Effects of family affluence on the health behaviors of Korean adolescents
  Min H. Park, Eun H. Hwang
  Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2017; 14(3): 173.     CrossRef
• Family Factors and Obesity in High School Students
  Sang-Mi Lee
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(8): 84.     CrossRef

Background
It has been reported that the abdominal obesity can cause various metabolic abnormalities not only in adults but also in adolescents. This study was conducted to investigate lifestyle habits related to abdominal obesity in Korean adolescents. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study on 561 adolescents (305 boys and 256 girls) aged 12-18 years from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005. The abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference at or above the 90th percentile for each age and gender based on the 2007 growth chart for Korean children. The frequency of physical activity, screen time, and the intake amount of energy and macronutrients were investigated as lifestyle habits. Results: The prevalence of abdominal obesity in Korean adolescents aged 12-18 years was 9.1% (Boys, 9.4%; Girls, 8.7%). The mean of daily screen time was 4.3 ± 0.1 hours (Boys, 4.4 ± 0.2 hours; Girls, 4.2 ± 0.2 hours). The subjects with daily screen time ≥ 5 hours had a 3.0 times increased risk of abdominal obesity compared to subjects with daily screen time < 3 hours (P-value = 0.004). The adjusted odds ratio of fat intake ≥ 35% of energy was 2.57 (95% confidence interval, 1.16 to 5.68; P-value = 0.020) with fat intake < 25% of energy as reference. The relationship between long screen time and abdominal obesity was observed in girls and high fat intake was related to abdominal obesity in boys. Conclusion: This study shows that abdominal obesity in Korean adolescents is associated to long screen time and high fat intake.

Citations

• Analysis of risk factors affecting obesity in Korean adolescents: based on the 2017–2020 Korea national health and nutrition examination survey
  Joon Young Kim, Kyungchul Song, Youngha Choi, Byung-Sun Choi, Hyun Wook Chae
  Frontiers in Nutrition.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Macronutrients modified dietary intervention in the management of overweight/obese children and adolescents: a systematic review
  Jihyun Park, Oh Yoen Kim
  Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics.2024; 67(4): 191.     CrossRef
• Association between sedentary behavior, screen time and metabolic syndrome among Chinese children and adolescents
  Xue Cheng, Qiya Guo, Lahong Ju, Weiyi Gong, Xiaoqi Wei, Xiaoli Xu, Liyun Zhao, Hongyun Fang
  BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Relationship between Obesity and Lifestyle Factors in Young Korean Women: the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016
  Jeon Won Kwak, Chan Hee Jeon, Min Ho Kwak, Jeong Hyeon Kim, Yong Soon Park
  Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2019; 19(1): 9.     CrossRef
• Is it Time to Adopt Information Technology in Play Therapy?
  Aram Lee, Mi Ae Oh, Jin Cheol Park, Se Young Jin, Ram Hwangbo, Seong Woo Cho, Geon Ho Bahn
  Psychoanalysis.2017; 28(2): 28.     CrossRef
• The Role of Uncontrolled Eating and Screen Time in the Link of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder with Weight in Late Childhood
  Joung-Sook Ahn, Seongho Min, Min-Hyuk Kim
  Psychiatry Investigation.2017; 14(6): 808.     CrossRef
• Eating habits, physical activity, nutrition knowledge, and self-efficacy by obesity status in upper-grade elementary school students
  Seong Ah Ha, Seo Yeon Lee, Kyung A Kim, Jung Sook Seo, Cheong Min Sohn, Hae Ryun Park, Kyung Won Kim
  Nutrition Research and Practice.2016; 10(6): 597.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Lifestyle Factors on Metabolic Syndrome among Adolescents
  Hanju Lee
  Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2014; 28(2): 270.     CrossRef
• Increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome among hypertensive population
  So-Ryoung Lee, Myung-Jin Cha, Do-Yoon Kang, Kyu-Chul Oh, Dong-Ho Shin, Hae-Young Lee
  International Journal of Cardiology.2013; 166(3): 633.     CrossRef
• A Study of Body Composition, Dietary Behavior, and Exercise among Students at Women's Colleges
  Ji-Yon Eom, Duk-Yoo Jung
  Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2012; 26(1): 28.     CrossRef
• Obesity Index and Related Factors among Elementary School Students Visiting Pediatric Department of General Hospital
  Hwan-Hee Lee, Soo-Kyong Choi, Jung-Sook Seo
  Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association.2012; 18(2): 186.     CrossRef

Background
The social problems of cigarette smoking and obesity are increasing and they threaten the health and dailylife of the both the young and old adults. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between cigarette smoking and obesity. Methods: The study subjects were recruited from the middle and high school located in Ansan city. We used the selfques tionnaire to evaluate their general information including cigarette smoking at enrollment and 8,589 students informations were gathered. Data were classified into three groups (normal body weight, over weight and obesity). Smoking status was classified into past, current, and non smoker and analyzed the relationship with obesity and some life-style patterns. Results: Body weight and body mass index of the girls were significantly higher in the current smokers (52.4 ± 12.2 kg, 19.8 ± 3.5 kg/m2) than in the non-smokers (49.5 ± 7.7kg, 19.3 ± 2.6 kg/m2) and in the boys, body weight was higher in the current smokers (60.3 ± 10.7 kg, 20.4 ± 3.1 kg/m2) than in the non-smokers (57.5 ± 12.1 kg, 20.3 ± 3.3kg/m2), which was not significant. The odds ratios of having obesity were 2.33 (P <0.001; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24 to 3.34) in the current smokers and 2.04 (P < 0.001; 95% CI, 1.36 to 4.0) in the past smokers compared with the non-smokers in the girls. In the boys, there were no significance. Also, all students of the dietary pattern (breakfast, fast food, instant noodle, snack, soft drink) were associated with smoking status significantly. Conclusion: The current smokers showed higher prevalence of obesity and obesity-related dietary pattern than in the nonsmokers. Cigarette smoking may be associated with obesity in the school girls.

Citations

• Health behaviors and mental health among adolescents: A comparison based on BMI using the 2021 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey
  Hye-Ryeon Park, Na-Geong Kim
  Belitung Nursing Journal.2023; 9(6): 571.     CrossRef
• Obesity-Related Quality of Life and Distorted Self-Body Image in Adults
  Dong Won Lee, Seonah Kim, Dong Yung Cho
  Applied Research in Quality of Life.2013; 8(1): 87.     CrossRef

Background
Many children and adolescents are exposed to the risk of cardiovascular diseases because of increase in obesity and obesity-related metabolic derangements in children and adolescents. The diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome is useful to identify these children with high cardiovascular risk. In 2007, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) presented a new defi nition of the metabolic syndrome for children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome using the IDF pediatric defi nition in Korean children and adolescents.Methods: We used data from 931 participants aged 10-19 years in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005. The metabolic syndrome was diagnosed by the new IDF pediatric defi nition.Results: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in Korean children and adolescents aged 10-19 years was 2.0 ± 0.5% (boys: 3.1 ± 0.8%, girls: 0.8 ± 0.4%). Approximately 95% of children and adolescents with the metabolic syndrome was classifi ed with obesity and none of the normal-weighted participants were diagnosed with the metabolic syndrome.Conclusion: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in Korean children and adolescents was 2.0 ± 0.5%. It is expected that the new IDF pediatric defi nition will help to detect children with high cardiovascular risk early and to manage them properly. However, whether the IDF pediatric defi nition of the metabolic syndrome and cut-off points of its components are appropriate for Korean children and adolescents should be answered through future research.

Citations

• Association between mothers’ working hours and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2016–2020
  Myoung-hye Lee, Joo-Eun Jeong, Hoon-Ki Park, Hwan-Sik Hwang, Kye-Yeung Park
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2025; 46(2): 84.     CrossRef
• Prevalence Trends of Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Children and Adolescents from a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Survey
  Ji Hyun Kim, Jung Sub Lim
  Life.2022; 12(9): 1404.     CrossRef
• The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome According to Grip Strength in Teenagers
  Duk Han Ko, Young Kyun Kim
  Children.2021; 8(2): 108.     CrossRef
• Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Children and Adolescents in High‐Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Observational Studies
  Zebenay Workneh Bitew, Ayinalem Alemu, Zelalem Tenaw, Animut Alebel, Teshager Worku, Ermias Getaneh Ayele, Ali Abbara
  BioMed Research International.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Adolescents According to the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III and International Diabetes Federation
  Seonho Kim, Wi-Young So
  Nutrients.2016; 8(10): 588.     CrossRef
• Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Abnormalities in Korea Children and Adolescents and Nutrient intakes: Using 2008 the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
  Hang-Me Nam, Mi-Ja Choi
  Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(2): 133.     CrossRef
• An analysis of long-term occurrence of renal complications following pediatric pyeloplasty
  Hahn-Ey Lee, Kwanjin Park, Hwang Choi
  Journal of Pediatric Urology.2014; 10(6): 1083.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Lifestyle Factors on Metabolic Syndrome among Adolescents
  Hanju Lee
  Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2014; 28(2): 270.     CrossRef
• Relationships between the Change in Obesity Rate and Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome among Middle School Students in Ulsan
  Soon-Ho Choi, Song-Woo Shin, Cheol-In Yoo
  Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2012; 13(11): 5271.     CrossRef
• Dietary and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Hypertension in Korean Adolescents -Based on 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-
  Killye Kim, Sook Mee Son, Hye-Kyeong Kim
  Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2011; 16(4): 439.     CrossRef
• Association of Visceral Fat and Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents
  Jeong-Hyeon Kwon, Han-Yun Jang, Min-Jin Oh, Jun-Seung Rho, Ju-Hye Jung, Keun-Sang Yum, Ji-Whan Han
  Yonsei Medical Journal.2011; 52(1): 39.     CrossRef
• The metabolic syndrome and sports medicine
  Yun Jun Yang
  Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2011; 54(7): 697.     CrossRef
• Association with Self-Perception for Obesity and Mental Health among Korean Adolescent
  In-Cheol Hwang, Kyoung-Shik Lee, Dong-Kyun Park, Eun-Young Jung, Chung-Hyun Choi, Seong-Jin Cho, Seung-Min Bae
  Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.2011; 22(2): 112.     CrossRef
• Lifestyle Habits Related to Abdominal Obesity in Korean Adolescents
  Won-Chin Chung, Young-Gyu Cho, Jae-Heon Kang, Hyun-Ah Park, Kyoung-Woo Kim, Joo-Ho Kang, Nu-Ri Kim, Hye-Jin Kim, Ok-Hyun Kim
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2010; 31(7): 547.     CrossRef
• Metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents
  Young Mi Hong
  Korean Journal of Pediatrics.2009; 52(7): 737.     CrossRef

Background
The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and the urine cotinine concentrations in Korean adolescents. Methods: Study population was 1st grade adolescents (N=1467, girls 22.2%) recruited from four high schools, two from Seoul, one from Kangleung and one from Woolsan. We obtained information for active smoking and ETS exposure through self-reported questionnaire and urine cotinine concentrations. Results: The prevalence of active smoking was 6.9% in boys and 0.9% in girls. Median urine cotinine concentrations were 19.5 Ռg/L (range, 0-2341 Ռg/L) among smokers, and 0 Ռg/L (range, 0-1359 Ռg/L) among nonsmokers. The positive rate of urine cotinine among nonsmokers exposed to ETS was 2.9%. Boys were exposed to ETS at PC room (79.6%), home (39.4%), school (11.5%), and public places (5.9%); girls were exposed at home (40.9%), PC room (33.2%), public places (28.0%), and school (15.2%). The frequency and duration of ETS exposure were significantly larger and longer in boys than in girls. Boys contacted friends who smoked more than girls did (32.6% vs. 17.1%). Parents'smoking status was similar both in boys and girls. Any information about ETS exposure did not differ according to the detectable urine cotinine among nonsmoking adolescents. Conclusions: Low positive rateof urine cotinine and no association of urine cotinine with various ETS exposure history reflectthat urine cotinine may not a good marker for ETS exposure in Korean adolescents.

Citations

• Association between Second-hand Smoke Exposure and Urinary NNAL Level in Korean Adolescents
  Hyo-Sun You, Jae-woo Lee, Ye-seul Kim, Yonghwan Kim, Hyeong-Cheol Lee, Jin Young Hwang, Woojung Yang, Hee-Taik Kang
  Journal of Korean Medical Science.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Dysglycemia
  Su-Jin Bak, Hyo-Jin Sa, Eun-Jung Oh, Hyuk-Jung Kweon, Kyoung-Jin Kim, Jinyoung Shin, Jae-Kyung Choi
  Korean Journal of Family Practice.2021; 11(4): 256.     CrossRef
• Exposure to Hookah and Cigarette Smoke in Children and Adolescents According to Their Socio-Economic Status: The CASPIAN-IV Study
  Roya Kelishadi, Armindokht Shahsanai, Mostafa Qorbani, Gelayol Ardalan, Parinaz Poursafa, Ramin Heshmat, Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh
  Iranian Journal of Pediatrics.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Correlation of Different Cotinine Levels With Questionnaire Results
  Myung Bae Park, Eun Woo Nam, Seon Kui Lee, Chun-Bae Kim, Chhabi Ranabhat
  Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health.2015; 27(5): 542.     CrossRef
• Tolerance for and potential indicators of second-hand smoke exposure among nonsmokers: A comparison of self-reported and cotinine verified second-hand smoke exposure based on nationally representative data
  Bo Yoon Jeong, Min Kyung Lim, E Hwa Yun, Jin-Kyoung Oh, Eun Young Park, Do-Hoon Lee
  Preventive Medicine.2014; 67: 280.     CrossRef
• Urine Cotinine for Assessing Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Korean: Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)
  Sungmo Jung, In Seon Lee, Sae Byol Kim, Chan Soo Moon, Ji Ye Jung, Young Ae Kang, Moo Suk Park, Young Sam Kim, Se Kyu Kim, Joon Chang, Eun Young Kim
  Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2012; 73(4): 210.     CrossRef
• Association Between Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure of Children and Parental Socioeconomic Status: A Cross-Sectional Study in Korea
  O. Yi, H.-J. Kwon, D. Kim, H. Kim, M. Ha, S.-J. Hong, Y.-C. Hong, J.-H. Leem, J. Sakong, C. G. Lee, S.-Y. Kim, D. Kang
  Nicotine & Tobacco Research.2012; 14(5): 607.     CrossRef
• The Biomarkers of Active and Passive Smoke Exposure
  Hye-Young Oh, Yu-Jin Paek
  Journal of the Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.2011; 2(2): 79.     CrossRef
• Effect of environmental exposure to lead and tobacco smoke on inattentive and hyperactive symptoms and neurocognitive performance in children
  Soo‐Churl Cho, Boong‐Nyun Kim, Yun‐Chul Hong, Min‐Sup Shin, Hee Jeong Yoo, Jae‐Won Kim, Soo‐Young Bhang, In Hee Cho, Hyo‐Won Kim
  Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry.2010; 51(9): 1050.     CrossRef