Background
This study examined disparities in 1-year mortality rates between infants born to married and unmarried single-parent families, emphasizing the need for targeted health policies.
Methods
Data from 3,298,263 cases, obtained from the South Korea National Statistical Office (2010–2017), were analyzed. T-tests and chi-square tests were used to assess the demographic characteristics of the study group. The number of deaths per 1,000 live births was calculated, and logistic and multivariable logistic regressions were employed to compare infant mortality rates between family types. Additional stratified analyses, based on gestational age and birth weight, further elucidated the relationship between parental marital status and infant mortality.
Results
Infants from unmarried families exhibited a 3.34-fold higher crude odds ratio (OR) for 1-year mortality (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.56–4.36; P<0.001) than that from married families. After adjusting for confounders, the adjusted OR was 1.40 (95% CI, 1.03–1.92). Stratification by gestational age and birth weight revealed crude ORs of 4.62 (95% CI, 3.34– 6.39) in non-preterm infants (≥37 weeks) and 4.76 (95% CI, 3.46–6.56) in non-low-birth-weight infants (≥2.5 kg), highlighting a more pronounced disparity in infants born at or above normal weight and full term. No significant difference (P>0.05) was found in the crude OR for 1-year mortality rates among low-birth-weight (<2.5 kg) or preterm (<37 weeks) infants between the two-family types.
Conclusion
This study highlights the significant disparity in infant mortality rates based on parental marital status, underscoring the need for enhanced social support and tailored policies for unmarried single-parent families.

Background
This study compared chronic diseases and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in between primary care underserved areas residents and the general population.
Methods
Underserved areas were identified according to accessibility and the time relevance index for primary care. Overall, 279 participants aged ≥60 years from four counties enrolled voluntarily. A total of 1,873 individuals were assigned in the control group using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. We assessed the differences in prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension and diabetes and HRQoL using both subjective health status and the Korean version of the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) questionnaire using multivariate logistic regression analysis between the two groups.
Results
For hypertension, prevalence did not differ significantly between the two groups, whereas awareness and control were lower in the underserved areas than that in the general population; the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 0.40 (0.25–0.64) and 0.27 (0.18–0.41), respectively. For diabetes, differences in prevalence, awareness, and control were statistically insignificant. The proportion reporting poor subjective health status and problems in four EQ-5D indexes (ability to exercise, daily activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression) was higher in the underserved areas, which also had a lower EQ-5D index, than that in the general population.
Conclusion
Primary care underserved area residents were underdiagnosed and under-controlled for hypertension and reported poorer subjective health and HRQoL compared to the general population. Primary care is the attributable factor to awareness and control of chronic diseases and subjective health and QoL in communities.

Citations

• Measuring the Burden of Disease in Korea Using Disability-Adjusted Life Years (2008–2020)
  Yoon-Sun Jung, Young-Eun Kim, Minsu Ock, Seok-Jun Yoon
  Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Association with COPD Readmission Rate and Access to Medical Institutions in Elderly Patients
  Tae Wan Kim, Eun Sil Choi, Woo Jin Kim, Heui Sug Jo
  International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.2021; Volume 16: 1599.     CrossRef
• Functional Status and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Mihui Kim, Yesol Kim, Gi Wook Ryu, Mona Choi
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(20): 10941.     CrossRef