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"weight change"

Original Articles
Association between Weight Changes over a 4-Year Period and Health-Related Quality of Life in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Korea: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study Cohort
Sinyoung Cho, Mun Young Yoo, Na Hyun Kim, Sooah Paik, Doyeon Won, Jong Soo Han, Hyejin Lee, Woo Kyung Bae
Received August 28, 2023  Accepted March 16, 2024  Published online June 14, 2024  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.23.0152    [Epub ahead of print]
Background
The relationship between weight change and quality of life remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate whether changes in body weight among participants in different baseline body mass index categories are associated with physical and mental health functioning.
Methods
We conducted an analysis involving 5,106 adults who participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, a cohort comprising Korean adults aged 40 to 69 years. We categorized participants into three groups based on body weight change, and physical and mental health were assessed using the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey in year 4. We employed logistic regression analysis to assess the association between body weight change and poor functioning at year 4. We also utilized a generalized estimating equation to determine the relationship between weight changes and mental component summary (MCS) scores over the study period for each weight group.
Results
Weight gain in both the normal weight (odds ratio [OR], 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–3.11; P=0.01) and overweight groups (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.05–2.91; P=0.03) was associated with poor MCS. Normal weight weight-losers were associated with a greater increase (2.69 points; 95% CI, 0.50–4.88) in MCS compared to weightmaintainers. Significant differences in mean MCS were observed for overweight weight-losers, obese weight-gainers, and underweight weight-gainers when compared to weight maintainers in each respective weight group.
Conclusion
Different patterns of relationships between weight change and mental health-related quality of life were observed. Hence, it is crucial to focus on the mental health of middle-aged and older adults when assessing body weight changes.
  • 1,247 View
  • 18 Download
Short-term Changes in Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Level after Body Fat Reduction via Partial Meal Replacement
Nam-Kyu Kim, Min-Ah Jung, Seok-Hoon Lee, Nam-Seok Joo
Korean J Fam Med 2023;44(1):58-63.   Published online January 19, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.22.0131
Background
Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels change during body weight reduction. However, the changes that occur during short-term body weight control interventions remain controversial. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the changes in TSH levels according to body fat reduction.
Methods
We performed a 3-month intervention study involving partial meal replacement. Forty-nine participants completed the study. Correlations between changes in TSH levels and other body composition parameters were determined. The subjects were divided into two groups according to their body fat reduction (>1 kg, n=20; <1 kg, n=29). The changes in metabolic parameters, including TSH levels, were compared. For significant values, a multivariate analysis was performed after adjustment to evaluate the relationship between TSH changes and body fat reduction.
Results
The 3-month intervention caused favorable changes in body proportions and metabolic parameters. TSH levels changed significantly only after changes in total body fat, showing a partial correlation. Changes in TSH levels were significantly different between groups (P=0.014). Moreover, the change in TSH levels was significantly different after adjustment (P=0.012).
Conclusion
A body fat reduction, especially >1 kg, can reduce serum TSH concentrations in subjects with metabolic syndrome after short-term body weight intervention.
  • 2,816 View
  • 65 Download
Age-Related Difference in Weight Change and All-Cause Mortality in Middle-Aged and Older Korean Populations: Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging
Jungki Suh, Yoon Jeong Cho, Hyun Ji Kim, Seong Soo Choi
Korean J Fam Med 2021;42(4):297-302.   Published online July 20, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.20.0170
Background
Obesity is associated with increased mortality as a significant risk factor for chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Several people believe that weight gain is harmful, and weight loss helps maintain health. However, some studies have shown that weight loss, particularly among older adults, is more likely to increase the risk of mortality than weight gain.
Methods
We used data for the cohort of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, which is a nationwide stratified multi-stage sample of adults aged 45 years. The all-cause mortality risk was assessed using the survival status and the number of months of survival calculated from 2006 (baseline year) to 2016. Cox proportional hazard regression were used to study the causal link between weight change and all-cause mortality risk.
Results
The results showed interactive associations between weight loss and mortality among middle-aged and older adults. The hazard ratio was 1.62 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–2.40) for the participants aged 45–65 years with weight losses greater than 5 kg and 1.56 (95% CI, 1.29–1.89) for those older than 65 years with weight losses greater than 5 kg. The results for the group with weight gain above 5 kg were not significant. Middle-aged and older men showed an increase in all-cause mortality associated with weight loss of more than 5 kg, but only the older women showed significant results.
Conclusion
This large-scale cohort study in Korea showed a relationship between weight loss and all-cause mortality in middle-aged and older individuals.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Body mass index trajectories and all-cause mortality in older Chinese adults: Hong Kong’s Elderly Health Service Cohort
    Man Ki Kwok, Siu Yin Lee, Gabriel M Leung, C Mary Schooling
    Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.2025; : jech-2025-223659.     CrossRef
  • Associations of obesity indices change with cardiovascular outcomes: a dose-response meta-analysis
    Lyu Wang, Hanyue Ding, Yunyang Deng, Junjie Huang, Xiangqian Lao, Martin C. S. Wong
    International Journal of Obesity.2024; 48(5): 635.     CrossRef
  • Social isolation and depression as risk factors for weight loss of 5kg or more among older Korean adults
    Youngjoon Bae, Mark C. Pachucki, Ellen L. Idler
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(3): e0299096.     CrossRef
  • Associations of short‐term changes in obesity indices with all‐cause mortality and cardiovascular disease
    Lyu Wang, Yun‐Yang Deng, Tsung Yu, Xiang‐Qian Lao, Martin C. S. Wong
    Obesity.2024; 32(8): 1568.     CrossRef
  • In-hospital outcomes of older patients with gastric cancer and their risk factors: large comprehensive institution-based study
    Lei Huang, Yunmei Liu, Lei Wang, Lan Rong, Weiguo Hu
    European Geriatric Medicine.2024; 15(6): 1909.     CrossRef
  • Weight loss rather than weight gain has a detrimental effect on successful aging in older adults: A 4-year longitudinal study in China
    Nan Liu, Tao Liu, Yihan Pan, Jin Wang, Xiaoguang Zhao
    Geriatric Nursing.2024; 60: 297.     CrossRef
  • Association of weight change with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: an age-stratified analysis
    Qing-Mei Huang, Dong Shen, Jian Gao, Huan Chen, Jia-Hao Xie, Hao-Yu Yan, Bin Wu, Zhi-Hao Li, Gang Liu, Chen Mao
    BMC Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Associations of Change in Body Size With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Healthy Older Adults
    Sultana Monira Hussain, Anne B. Newman, Lawrence J. Beilin, Andrew M. Tonkin, Robyn L. Woods, Johannes T. Neumann, Mark Nelson, Prudence R. Carr, Christopher M. Reid, Alice Owen, Jocasta Ball, Flavia M. Cicuttini, Cammie Tran, Yuanyuan Wang, Michael E. Er
    JAMA Network Open.2023; 6(4): e237482.     CrossRef
  • Association between Weight Loss and Hand-Grip Strength with Cause-Specific Mortality in Middle-Aged and Older Adults
    Inhwan Lee
    Exercise Science.2023; 32(3): 339.     CrossRef
  • Weight Change and Risk of Atherosclerosis Measured by Carotid Intima–Media Thickness (cIMT) from a Prospective Cohort—Analysis of the First-Wave Follow-Up Data of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)
    Jian Liu, Newman Sze, Miya Narushima, Deborah O’Leary
    Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease.2023; 10(10): 435.     CrossRef
  • Weight maintenance and gain were significantly associated with lower risk of all-cause and cancer-related mortality in Korean adults who were newly diagnosed with cancer based on the Korean NHIS-HEALS cohort
    Yong-June Kim, Seung Park, Won Tae Kim, Yoon-Jong Bae, Yonghwan Kim, Hee-Taik Kang
    Medicine.2023; 102(47): e36184.     CrossRef
  • Obesity in Caucasian Seniors on the Rise: Is It Truly Harmful? Results of the PolSenior2 Study
    Monika Puzianowska-Kuznicka, Alina Kurylowicz, Lukasz Wierucki, Aleksander Jerzy Owczarek, Kacper Jagiello, Malgorzata Mossakowska, Tomasz Zdrojewski, Jerzy Chudek
    Nutrients.2022; 14(21): 4621.     CrossRef
  • 4,079 View
  • 84 Download
  • 12 Web of Science
  • 12 Crossref
Effect of Weight Changes on the Development of Erosive Esophagitis
Tae-Heum Chung, Jiho Lee, In-Du Jeong, Kun-Chul Lee
Korean J Fam Med 2020;41(1):14-19.   Published online January 9, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.19.0003
Background
Gastroesophageal reflux disease is highly prevalent among overweight and obese individuals. This study aimed to investigate the effect of weight change on the development of erosive esophagitis (EE).
Methods
A retrospective review of medical records from a university hospital in South Korea identified 7,123 subjects who underwent routine health checkups in 2012 and 2014. We excluded participants with EE in 2012. Body mass index (BMI) changes were classified as loss, stable, mild gain, or moderate gain.
Results
Mild and moderate weight gain increased the odds of EE development (odds ratio [OR], 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.84 and OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.87–4.21, respectively) relative to weight stability. Weight loss decreased the odds of EE development (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.38–0.90) relative to weight stability. After stratifying subjects into three groups by baseline BMI, those with mild and moderate weight gain in the obese group and moderate gain in the overweight group showed increased odds of EE development relative to members of those groups whose weights remained stable (OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.29–3.36; OR, 3.92; 95% CI, 1.99–7.73 in obese group, and OR, 3.30; 95% CI, 1.64–6.64 in overweight group, respectively). In comparison, weight loss in the normal weight group decreased the odds of EE development relative to weight stability (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.15–0.97).
Conclusion
Weight gain was positively associated with EE development in overweight or obese individuals. Weight loss was negatively associated with EE development in normal-weight individuals.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Features of lipid metabolism in patients with erosive esophagitis during the period of martial law
    L.M. Mosiychuk, I.A. Klenina, O.P. Petishko
    GASTROENTEROLOGY.2025; 59(1): 8.     CrossRef
  • Nomogram for predicting reflux esophagitis with routine metabolic parameters: a retrospective study
    Tao He, Xiaoyu Sun, Zhijun Duan
    Archives of Medical Science.2024; 20(4): 1089.     CrossRef
  • Risk factors and 26-years worldwide prevalence of endoscopic erosive esophagitis from 1997 to 2022: a meta-analysis
    Andro Pramana Witarto, Bendix Samarta Witarto, Shidi Laras Pramudito, Lintang Cahyaning Ratri, Nabilah Azzah Putri Wairooy, Tiffany Konstantin, Achmad Januar Er Putra, Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu, Annisa Zahra Mufida, Arief Gusnanto
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Increased risk of reflux esophagitis in non-obese individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study
    Peihong Qiu, Juan Du, Cheng Zhang, Mengting Li, Hongliang Li, Changxi Chen
    Annals of Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Abdominal obesity increases the risk of reflux esophagitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Junyi Zhan, Mengqi Yuan, Yujie Zhao, Xin Zhang, Tianci Qiao, Tianshu Ji, Hui Gao, Zhiqun Cao, Dongli Wang, Nan Ding
    Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 57(2): 131.     CrossRef
  • Current status of health promotion in Korea
    Soo Young Kim
    Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2022; 65(12): 776.     CrossRef
  • 5,941 View
  • 148 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 6 Crossref
The Impact of Weight Changes on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Adult Men with Normal Weight
Ji-Young Cho, Tae-Heum Chung, Kyoung-Mo Lim, Hee-Jin Park, Jung-Mi Jang
Korean J Fam Med 2014;35(5):243-250.   Published online September 24, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2014.35.5.243
Background

Although it is known that losing weight has an effect on the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the studies that show how losing weight affects the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease for the normal weight male adults are limited so far. In this study, we set body mass index as criteria and investigated how the weight changes for 4 years makes an impact on the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease for the male adults who have the normal body mass index.

Methods

From January to December of 2004, among the normal weight male adults who had general check-up at the Health Promotion Center of Ulsan University Hospital, 180 people (average age, 47.4 ± 4.61 years) who were diagnosed with fatty liver through abdominal ultrasonography were included in this study and were observed according to the variety of data and ultrasonography after 4 years (2008). People who had a history of drinking more than 140 g of alcohol per week or who had a past medical history were excluded from the analysis. The weight change of subjects was calculated using the formula 'weight change = weight of 2008 (kg) - weight of 2004 (kg)' and classified into three groups, loss group (≤-3.0 kg), stable group (-2.9 to 2.9 kg), and gain group (≥3.0 kg). The odds for disappearance of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in those three different groups were compared.

Results

Among 180 subjects, compared with stable group (67.2%, 121 subjects), loss group (11.7%, 21 subjects) showed 18.37-fold increase in the odds of disappearance of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.34 to 77.80) and gain group (21.1%, 38 subjects) showed 0.28-fold decrease in the odds of disappearance of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (95% CI, 0.10 to 0.83).

Conclusion

Even for the normal weight people, losing weight has an effect on the improvement of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Comparative Burden of Metabolic Dysfunction in Lean NAFLD vs Non-lean NAFLD - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    Ansel Tang, Cheng Han Ng, Poh Hui Phang, Kai En Chan, Yip Han Chin, Clarissa Elysia Fu, Rebecca Wenling Zeng, Jieling Xiao, Darren Jun Hao Tan, Jingxuan Quek, Wen Hui Lim, Lung Yi Mak, Jiong-wei Wang, Nicholas W.S. Chew, Nicholas Syn, Daniel Q. Huang, Moh
    Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2023; 21(7): 1750.     CrossRef
  • Possibilities of improving the effectiveness of treatment of manifestations of metabolic syndrome in the elderly (on the example of taurine)
    E. V. Golovanova
    Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology.2023; (8): 171.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Sira Vedha (Phlebotomy) at Right Elbow Joint in the Management of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
    Gaurav Sawarkar, Priti Desai, Punam Sawarkar
    Journal of Natural Remedies.2023; : 879.     CrossRef
  • Joint effect of changes in physical activity and weight on incident non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
    Yi-Lin Tsai, Sean Chun-Chang Chen
    Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.2021; 75(12): 1215.     CrossRef
  • Natural history of NASH and HCC
    Francesco Negro
    Liver International.2020; 40(S1): 72.     CrossRef
  • Global prevalence, incidence, and outcomes of non-obese or lean non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Qing Ye, Biyao Zou, Yee Hui Yeo, Jie Li, Daniel Q Huang, Yuankai Wu, Hongli Yang, Chuanli Liu, Leslie Y Kam, Xiang Xuan Eunice Tan, Nicholas Chien, Sam Trinh, Linda Henry, Christopher Donald Stave, Tetsuya Hosaka, Ramsey C Cheung, Mindie H Nguyen
    The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2020; 5(8): 739.     CrossRef
  • Real-world comorbidities and treatment patterns among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease receiving phosphatidylcholine as adjunctive therapy in Russia
    Igor V Maev, Aleksey A Samsonov, Liudmila K Palgova, Chavdar S Pavlov, Elena Shirokova, Kirill M Starostin
    BMJ Open Gastroenterology.2019; 6(1): e000307.     CrossRef
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    M. A. Osadchuk, E. D. Mironova
    Medical alphabet.2019; 3(20): 30.     CrossRef
  • Asia–Pacific Working Party on Non‐alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease guidelines 2017—Part 1: Definition, risk factors and assessment
    Vincent Wai‐Sun Wong, Wah‐Kheong Chan, Shiv Chitturi, Yogesh Chawla, Yock Young Dan, Ajay Duseja, Jiangao Fan, Khean‐Lee Goh, Masahide Hamaguchi, Etsuko Hashimoto, Seung Up Kim, Laurentius Adrianto Lesmana, Yu‐Cheng Lin, Chun‐Jen Liu, Yen‐Hsuan Ni, Jose S
    Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2018; 33(1): 70.     CrossRef
  • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: An expanded review
    Mark Benedict, Xuchen Zhang
    World Journal of Hepatology.2017; 9(16): 715.     CrossRef
  • Application of Computer-Aided Diagnosis for the Differential Diagnosis of Fatty Liver in Computed Tomography Image
    Hyong-Hu Park, Jin-Soo Lee
    Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology.2016; 10(6): 443.     CrossRef
  • Role of diet on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: An updated narrative review
    Dimitrios Papandreou
    World Journal of Hepatology.2015; 7(3): 575.     CrossRef
  • Health Benefits of Long-Term Weight-Loss Maintenance
    Christian F. Rueda-Clausen, Ayodele A. Ogunleye, Arya M. Sharma
    Annual Review of Nutrition.2015; 35(1): 475.     CrossRef
  • 4,432 View
  • 34 Download
  • 8 Web of Science
  • 13 Crossref
The Factors Associated with Becoming Obese Children: in 6th Grade Children of Elementary Schools in Busan.
Kyoung Won Park, Kayoung Lee, Tae Jean Park, Eun Ryoung Kwon, Sung Ja Ha, Hye Jeong Moon, Jin Kyoung Kim
J Korean Acad Fam Med 2003;24(8):739-745.   Published online August 10, 2003
Background
: The purpose of this study was to find the factors associated with becoming obese children during the past 2 years in 6th grade children of elementary school and then to evaluate the high risk groups for childhood obesity.

Methods : The 738 children from May to June, 2001 in 6th grade of 5 elementary schools in Busan were the subjects of this study. The children's height and weight in 4th grade and 6th grade were obtained from school health records. We calculated the body mass index in 4th and 6th grades and classified into 3 weight groups (normal, at risk for obesity, and obese) according to the age and sex-specific BMI established by the Korean Academy of Pediatrics. If children's weight group in 4th grade was changed to heavier weight group in 6th grade, we defined it as increased group. Otherwise, we defined it as non-increased group. The association between the increase in weight group and parental and children's characteristics were analyzed by χ2-test, χ2-test for the trend, t-test, ANOVA and multiple logistic regression.

Results : Among the total, 3.3% of children with normal weight and 16.9% of children at the risk for obesity in 4th grade were transformed to increased group in 6th grade, respectively (P<0.001). Children who had excessive appetite (P<0.001), watched TV greater than or equal to 2 hours per day (P=0.004) or had an obese father (P=0.044) were more likely to become increased group. After adjusting for father's obesity, appetite and TV watching time in children, the odds ratio of transforming to increased group after 2 years in children at risk for obesity or in obese child in 4th grade was 2.5 (95% CI: 1.09∼5.55) compared to children with normal weight. Children having excessive appetite were 3.2 times (95% CI: 1.42∼7.01) more likely to become the increased group after adjusting for father's obesity, TV watching time and weight in 4th grade. Children watching TV greater than or equal to 2 hours/day was 2.8 times (95% CI: 1.27∼6.18) more likely to become increased group after adjusting for father's obesity, appetite and weight in 4th grade.

Conclusion : The risk of becoming obese was higher in children at risk for obesity or obese children in those with excessive appetite or those who have watched TV ≥2 hours/day for the past two years. These findings suggest promotion of educational plan to prevent childhood obesity.
  • 1,474 View
  • 11 Download
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