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Korean J Fam Med > Volume 44(2); 2023 > Article
Cordero Jr.: Promoting Health Literacy: Preparing for Future Health Crises
To the editor,
I found the article published in this journal worthy of reflection when the authors presented how they managed the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in a Malaysian community. Their health clinic system dwelled on innovative ways of providing medical services, such as telemedicine, drive-through pharmacies, and continuous health education and awareness regarding COVID-19, to patients and clinic attendees [1]. I affirm their excellent practices despite their limited resources. I want to highlight the importance of promoting health literacy (HL), not only during the current pandemic but for future health crises.
Similar to other popular predictions, some Korean infectious disease experts believe that the COVID-19 pandemic may not be easily controlled and that a global outbreak may occur in the future. Accordingly, a high level of preparation is needed in various aspects, such as procuring personal protective equipment and equipping hospitals with sufficient facilities [2]. However, interventions must be comprehensive and focus on both prevention and treatment, such as the availability of drugs and vaccines, and the proper behavior of every citizen worldwide.
HL involves the direct and extensive knowledge acquired by an individual on matters related to health-promoting behaviors, making positive health choices, and engendering healthy living [3]. Many countries worldwide have still not achieved herd immunity, not because of viral variants but due to neglecting minimum health protocols. Despite the government’s efforts to implement lockdowns and other restrictions, some violators still preferred to exercise personal freedom at the expense of ignoring their social responsibility for public health. An example is the recently concluded Philippine national election, where thousands of Filipinos joined huge mass gatherings without practicing social distancing, some of whom intentionally did not wear facemasks. This shows that HL is low and poor among many as evidenced by their failure to make sound decisions to protect the health of themselves and others.
If a person has an adequate or high HL level, any activity that endangers one’s health or that of others is automatically avoided. No political activity or mass gatherings should be allowed if safety measures are not observed or prioritized. Exploring various ways to improve and promote HL is essential to protecting public health. First, the government and private sectors must invest in the welfare of healthcare professionals, who are at the forefront of battling the virus with their services, are a direct source of health information, and should be equipped to holistically address any health problems. Various training and capacity-building formation programs must be continuously offered. In these challenging times, healthcare workers require adequate support to increase their productivity and remain motivated [4]. There are nine factors associated with the work performance and mental health of healthcare professionals: depression, anxiety, inadequate support, occupational stress, decreased productivity, lack of workplace preparedness, financial concerns associated with changes in income and daily living, fear of transmission, and burnout/fatigue [5]. These factors can be addressed if these integral programs are available, coupled with sufficient compensation and recognition by the involved institutions.
Second, the government and private sectors must collaborate on more health infrastructure projects, such as building clinics/hospitals and upgrading their facilities, especially in rural areas where a low HL is more evident. Ordinary locals or tribal groups in rural settings will remain illiterate if no health or medical services are available to them.
Third, the optimum use of social media by the involved institutions is necessary for health campaigns and information dissemination. An educational intervention administered by applying HL strategies online through social networking services can effectively improve student quality of life [6]. However, the government must strictly monitor fraudulent data or fake news on the internet. And finally, advocating for a more robust research culture among information professionals and students, we can generate locally made insights to influence HL policy, education, and research [7].
HL as a priority is fundamental to public health success. Any medical treatment for various diseases will be delayed or even impossible if the individual exhibits poor HL. In contrast, an adequate or high HL level can minimize a disease’s negative impact and help accelerate recovery.

Notes

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

REFERENCES

1. Yusof NA, Juhari SN, Daud N, Pauzi MF, Ngah ND. Managing COVID-19 pandemic in the community: a primary health clinic experience. Korean J Fam Med 2022;43:220-4.
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2. Kim B, Park SY, Jung DS, Jung SI, Oh WS, Kim SW, et al. What should we prepare for the next coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak?: a survey on the opinions of infectious diseases specialists in South Korea. Korean J Intern Med 2020;35:1270-8.
crossref pmid pmc pdf
3. Ogunyombo OE, Bello S. Exploring the use of indigenous languages in antenatal care sessions among mothers in Lagos State. In: Oyesomi KO, Salawu A, editors. Emerging trends in indigenous language media, communication, gender, and health. Hershey (PA): IGI Global; 2020. p. 19-44.

4. Brahmi N, Singh P, Sohal M, Sawhney RS. Psychological trauma among the healthcare professionals dealing with COVID-19. Asian J Psychiatr 2020;54:102241.
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5. Nowrouzi-Kia B, Sithamparanathan G, Nadesar N, Gohar B, Ott M. Factors associated with work performance and mental health of healthcare workers during pandemics: a systematic review and metaanalysis. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022;44:731-9.
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6. Khaleghi M, Shokravi FA, Peyman N, Moridi M. Evaluating the effect of educational interventions on health literacy through social networking services to promote students’ quality of life. Korean J Fam Med 2019;40:188-93.
crossref pmid pmc pdf
7. Bautista JR. Health literacy education and research in the Philippines: an agenda for Filipino information professionals during and after COVID-19. Philipp J Librariansh Inf Stud 2020;40:41-6.



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